Lesson 3: Representing Information

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Binary:
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Terms in this set (30)
Binary:
a way of representing information using only two options.
Bit:
the smallest unit of storage
Byte:
unit of information storage
1 Byte
8 bits
Megabyte:
about 1 million bytes
Kilobyte example:
10x10 icon
Megabyte example:
500 page e-book
Gigabyte example:
7 minutes of video
Terabyte example:
130,000 photos
Compression:
File size can be reduced through compression, which encodes data in a more efficient way to reduce byte count. With lossless compression, data is only moved around without sacrificing any content in the file. Lossy compression, on the other hand, removes information it finds unnecessary, which slightly decreases quality.
Memory size:The amount of storage space on a device determines how large a file can be. If a file's size exceeds a device's available memory, modifications will have to be made to the document to ensure it can save.Processing speed:The amount of calculations a device can process in a second is the processing speed. Typically, a higher processing speed means a device can process large files.Physical size:The actual amount of data stored in a file is measured in bytes. Therefore, the amount of available storage in a software will also be measured in bytes. Cloud storage usually holds the most amount of storage, and it is the most secure regarding system crashes. However, cybersecurity concerns exist with a cloud.Backup:A copy of data that is made in case the original data is lost or damaged. The backup can be used to restore the original data.Kilobyte abbreviation:KBMegabyte abbreviation:MBGigabyte abbreviation:GBTerabyte abbreviation:TBKilobyte in bytes:1024 bytesMegabyte to kilobytes:1024 kilobytesGigabyte in megabytes:1024 megabytesTerabyte in gigabytes:1024 gigabytesAdvantages of lossless compressionNo reduction in quality, Can be turned back into original file, Can be used on text and software filesASCII stands forAmerican Standard Code for Information InterchangeDescribe ASCIIthe most common character encoding format for text data in computers and on the internet.Define base 10a decimal number system represented by symbols 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9How many different characters in ASCII128DataIn the context of computing and data management, refers to the symbols that a computer uses to represent facts and ideas.Data CompressionA process for reducing the number of bits needed to represent a piece of informationData RepresentationThe use of electronic signals, marks, or binary digits to represent character, numeric, visual, or audio data