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Cell Organelles, Cell organelles BIOLOGY

Terms in this set (24)

Organelle
"Small organs" of the cell that carry out specific functions
Nucleus
"Brain" of the cell, control center; Contains DNA (genetic material)
Mitochondria
"Powerhouse" or "Energy producer"; makes ATP through cell respiration
Vesicles
"Mail men," small membrane bound sacs that transport materials around cell and to cell membrane
Vacuole
"warehouse," stores food, water, waste; larger in plant cells
Lysosome
Enzyme vesicle.Breaks down larger food molecules into smaller molecules; digests old cell parts
Ribosome
Assembles amino acids into proteins.
Endoplasmic reticulum
"Cell highway", transports goods and materials throughout the cell, 2 types
Golgi body
"Quality control", Modifies and Processes proteins made by the cell.
Cell Wall
Gives support and protection to cell; made of cellulose in plants.
Cell Membrane
"Border control", controls what comes in and out of the cell; maintains homeostasis
Chloroplasts
Where photosynthesis occurs; in plant cells only
Mitochondria (2)
In both plant and animal cells; takes sugar and turns it into energy (ATP) (2)
Nucleus (2)
In both plant and animal cells; controls cellular functions: (2)
Central vacuole
Plant cells have large one to store water.
Cytoplasm
Jelly-like substance the cell organelles float in
Nucleolus
Makes ribosomes
Prokaryotic
A cell that has no nucleus
Eukaryotic
A cell characterized by the presence of a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotes can be unicellular (protists) or multicellular (fungi, plants and animals).
Prokaryotic example
Bacteria and Archaea
Eukaryotic example
plants and animals
Prokaryotic size
smaller than eukaryotic
Eukaryotic size
larger than virus and prokaryotic
Virus
smaller than prokaryotic cells
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