Development

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Developmental psychology is defined as
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Terms in this set (25)
Developmental psychology is defined as
The branch of psychology that systematically focuses on the physical, cognitive, and social changes that occur throughout the human life span.
During the course of successful prenatal development, a human organism begins as a(n)
zygote and finally develops into a fetus.
A teratogen is a(n)
substance that can cross the placental barrier and harm an unborn child.
Noticeable abnormal facial features and cognitive abnormalities are most likely to be associated with severe cases of
fetal alcohol syndrome.
Habituation refers to the
decreasing responsiveness to a stimulus to which one is repeatedly exposed.
Cognition refers to
the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.
According to Piaget, schemas are
people's conceptual frameworks for understanding their experiences.
According to Piaget, interpreting new experiences in terms of existing schemas is called
assimilation.
According to Piaget, accommodation refers to
adjusting current schemas in order to make sense of new experiences.
Object permanence is the understanding that
things continue to exist even when they are not perceived.
If children cannot grasp the principle of conservation, they are unable torecognize that the quantity of a substance remains the same despite changes in its shape.According to Piaget, egocentrism refers tothe difficulty of perceiving things from another person's point of view.According to Piaget, the ability to think logically about events first develops during the ________ stage.concrete operationalBeginning by about 8 months, children are more likely to react unfamiliar people by crying and reaching for a parent or caregiver. This best illustratesstranger anxiety.The powerful survival impulse that leads infants to seek closeness to their caregivers is calledattachmentStudies of monkeys raised with artificial mothers suggest that mother-infant emotional bonds result primarily from mothers providing infants withbody contact.People's characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity is called theirtemperament.Parents who are demanding and yet sensitively responsive to their children are said to beauthoritative.The limbic system consists of theamygdala, hypothalamus, and hippocampus.The thin surface layer of interconnected neural cells in the brain, which serves as your body's ultimate control and information-processing center, is thecerebral cortex.Lawrence Kohlberg focused on the development ofmoral reasoning.According to Kohlberg, morality based on the avoidance of punishment and the attainment of concrete rewards represents ________ morality.preconventionalWhich psychologist most clearly emphasized that adolescents often explore different roles in different situations as part of the process of forming an identity?Erik EriksonOur identity refers to oursense of who we are.The "we" aspect of our self-concept that comes from our group membership is oursocial identity.