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Chapter 1 History, Perspectives, and Research

Terms in this set (19)

experimental psychology
the study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method
Research Psychologists
Psychologists who study the origin, cause, or results of certain behaviors
Applied Psychology
The branch of psychology concerned with everyday, practical problems
industrial-organizational psychology
the application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces
developmental psychology
a branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span
clinical psychology
a branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders
Psycologist vs. Psychiatrist
Psychologist= treat the emotional and mental treatment. Psychiatrist= treat the people with medicine
emperical evidence
The observations, measurements, and other types of data that people gather and test to support and evaluate scientific explanations.
operational definition
a statement of the procedures used to define research variables
statistical significance
a statistical statement of how likely it is that an obtained result occurred by chance
hindsight bias
the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it
Surveys
Questionnaires and interviews that ask people directly about their experiences, attitudes, or opinions.
naturalistic observation
observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation
case study
an observation technique in which one person is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles
Longitudinal
describes research that measures a trait in a particular group of subjects over a long period of time
Cross sectional
type of study that measures a variable across several age groups at the same time
Samples
small, manageable number of subjects that represent the population
Animal Research
answers questions we could never do with human research
Ethics in research
informed consent, confidentiality, debriefing, deception
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