Biology - Properties of water (Lesson 2

Basea compound that produces hydroxide ions in solutionBufferA solution that minimizes changes in pH when extraneous acids or bases are added to the solution.polarity of waterhas polar covalent bonds; H is partially positive, O is partially negativeHow many hydrogen bonds can a single water molecule form at the same time?4surface tensionthe force that acts on the surface of a liquid and that tends to minimize the area of the surfaceCohesionAllows insects and spiders to walk on the surface of water.Adhesioncauses a slight dip in the center of water that is inside a capillary or graduated cylinder.capillary actionthe tendency of water to rise in a thin tubecapillary action uses1. Holds up the column of water together as it rises. 2. Draws out water from the roots and up into the stems and leaves.heat capacity of waterthe amount of heat energy required to increase its temperature.Heat capacity of waterAllows water bodies to absorb large amounts of heat with only small changes in temperature. Organisms living in water are protected from drastic changes in temperature .MixtureA combination of two or more substances that are physically combined but not chemically combinedWater's polarityAllows it to dissolve both ionic and polar molecules.SuspensionBlood is a suspensionA salt solutionWhen an ionic compound such as sodium chloride (NaCl), is placed in water, water molecules surround and separate the positive and negative ions.The pH scaleAcids have a ph range of 0-6 and bases have a ph range of 8-14. Egs: Strong Acid -HCl(hydrogen chloride) Strong Base - NaOH (sodium hydroxide)buffer solutionbuffers help maintain homeostasis

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