Social Psych Chapter 3 Quizzes

Several studies conducted by Nisbett and his colleagues involved showing participants two similar pictures and asking them to find the differences between them. Nisbett and colleagues found that Western participants had a more __________ thinking style, and East participants had a more ___________ thinking style.

analytic; logical
Christian; Buddhist
analytic; holistic
holistic; contextual
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Several studies conducted by Nisbett and his colleagues involved showing participants two similar pictures and asking them to find the differences between them. Nisbett and colleagues found that Western participants had a more __________ thinking style, and East participants had a more ___________ thinking style.

analytic; logical
Christian; Buddhist
analytic; holistic
holistic; contextual
analytic; holistic
An environment that promotes getting along well with others, being connected to one another, and seeing the larger context of social situations is most likely to promote _______ thinking.

holistic
analytic
representativeness
counterfactual
holistic
Our use of mental shortcuts usually leads to

optimal decisions that could not be bettered if more time were spent.
faulty decisions that get us into trouble.
good decisions in a reasonable amount of time.
faulty decisions, but the fact that we've decided quickly gives us time to cope with the consequences, so there is no harm done in the end.
good decisions in a reasonable amount of time.
When Ashley first starts typing, she uses the "hunt and peck" method and finds typing very effortful. Now, after taking a typing class, she feels like her papers practically type themselves once she figures out what she wants to say. This change in her typing reflects a shift from

automatic to controlled thinking.
controlled to automatic thinking.
emotional to cognitive thinking.
cognitive to emotional thinking.
controlled to automatic thinking.
Complete the analogy: analytic thinking style: ___________ :: holistic thinking style: _____________.

United States; Korea
Great Britain; Italy
Japan; China
Spain; Portugal
United States; Korea
Recall that Harold Kelley (1950) told some college students that their guest instructor was a warm person, and others that he was a cold person. Students who were told that the guest instructor was a warm person evaluated him more positively and participated more in class discussion than did students who were told that he was cold. These results support the idea that schemas are

universal.
impossible to modify.
especially influential when we encounter ambiguous information.
different, depending on the information to which we are exposed.
especially influential when we encounter ambiguous information.
Allison is a very sweet, intelligent, amicable person. However, Joe hears from her ex-boyfriend that she is hard to get along with and very snobby. According to research on the self-fulfilling prophecy, Joe acts in a(n)

neutral way toward Allison, even though he has heard bad things about her.
unfriendly way toward Allison. This in turn causes Allison to act unfriendly toward Joe, and Joe to believe that her ex-boyfriend was right about her.
unfriendly way toward Allison, yet he finds her to be very amicable and decides that her ex-boyfriend must not know her very well.
friendly way toward Allison even though he has heard bad things about her, and finds her to be much friendlier than her ex-boyfriend said she was.
unfriendly way toward Allison. This in turn causes Allison to act unfriendly toward Joe, and Joe to believe that her ex-boyfriend was right about her.
Professor Chadwick is young and looks even younger than his years. He dresses in jeans, grubby tennis shoes, and Hawaiian print shirts. One day in the hallway, he strikes up a conversation with a student. During the conversation, the student begins to complain about the poor teaching of the faculty in the department and about the bad things he's heard about the course that Professor Chadwick teaches. Needless to say, when the student finds out he was actually talking to a professor, he feels embarrassed and avoids Professor Chadwick. What is the moral of this story?

Students should be seen and not heard.
Schemas may make us efficient, but sometimes at a cost in accuracy.
Heuristics make us more efficient, but only if we apply them to schemas.
The world would be a better place if people abandoned their schemas altogether.
Schemas may make us efficient, but sometimes at a cost in accuracy.
Chronic accessibility is to long-term exposure to a stimulus as temporary accessibility is to

awareness.
positive mood.
priming.
heuristics.
priming
When Becky meets her new roommate, she sees that she has her hair dyed blue and has decorated her side of the room with lots of handmade ceramic pots and paintings. She then assumes that her roommate has multiple piercings and listens to punk rock. She has used the ________ heuristic in making this assumption.

base rate
availability
representativeness
anchoring and adjustment
representativeness