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Kettering scoring chapter

Terms in this set (30)

eupnea
Normal breathing
orthopnea
difficulty breathing when lying down
tachpynea
rapid breathing
Bradypnea (oligopnea)
Decreased Respiratory Rate (<12/min)
Variable Depth & Irregular Rhythm
ie: sleep (normal), drugs, alcohol, metabolic disorders
apnea
absence of breathing
hypopnea
shallow or slow respiration
Cheyne-Stokes respiration
Gradually increasing then decreasing rate and depth in a cycle lasting 30-180 seconds with periods of apnea up to 60 seconds. " crescendo decresendo pattern"
Kussmaul breathing
Increased depth ( usually over 20) breathing sounds labored


Metabolic acidosis
Apneustic
Series of slow deep breaths. Each held for 30-90 seconds



Cause - brain injury trauma
Paradoxical breathing
When inhalation results in decreasing or asymmetrical chest movement



Cause : pt is breathing against a closed airway. A out of phase movement only noticeable by a recording of the abdomen and chest.
apnea
The complex cessation of airflow >90 % lasting > 10 seconds
obstructive sleep apnea
a sleep disorder in which the person repeatedly stops breathing during sleep
Symptoms of OSA
loud snoring, choking or gasping during sleep, unrestful sleep, and daytime sleepiness, headaches, diaphoresis, drooling
The sleep technologist scores the first ten epochs of a sleep study as Awake (W). Which of the following should the technologist observe?

1. Alpha waves over the occipital area
2. Theta waves over the central area
3. Eye movements
4. Increased alpha waves when eyes are open

A. 1 & 3 only
B. 2 & 3 only
C. 1 & 4 only
D. 2 & 4 only
A 1 & 3 only

Alpha waves over the occipital area
Eye movements
The sleep tech scores a patient's montage and believes that the epochs being reviewed reveal that the patient is in N1. Which of the following should the technologist observe?

1. Slow eye movements
2. V waves over the central areas
3. Theta waves
4. Hypnogogic hallucinations


A. 1,2,and 4 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2,3, and 4
D.1,2,3,and 4
1,2,3,4
The sleep tech scores a patients montage and believes that the epochs being reviewed reveal that the patient is in stage N2. Which of the following should the technologist observe?

1. Alpha waves
2. Theta waves
3. K complexes
4. Spindles


A. 1,2 and 4
B. 1 & 3 only
C. 3 and 4 only
D. 2 and 4 only
3 & 4 only
K complexes and sleep spindles
The sleep technologist scores a patient's montage and believes that the epochs being reviewed reveal that the patient is in N3. Which of the following should the technologist observe?

1. Slow wave activity of 0.5 - 2.0 hz
2. 20 % or more of the epoch must be slow wave activity
3. Sleep spindles


A. 1 only
B. 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1 , 2, and 3
D. 1,2, and 3
The sleep technologist scores a patient's montage and believes that the epochs being reviewed reveal that the patient is in REM. Which of the following should the technologist observe?

1. High -voltage
2. Low chin tone
3. Rapid eye movement
4. Sawtooth theta waves


A. 1 & 3 only
B. 2 & & 4 only
C. 1,3, &4 only
D. 2,3, & 4 only
C. 1,3, 4 only sawtooth theta waves, rapid eye movement, high voltage eeg
Arousals are determined by:

1. Abrupt change in the EEG frequency
2. Increase in submental EMG
3. Can be witnessed in wakefulness

A. 1 & 2
B. 2 & 3
C. 3 only
D. 1,2, and 3 only
A 1&2 abrupt change in the eeg frequency and increase in submental EMG
A significant leg movement event is defined by

1. Minimum amplitude 2 uV increase in EMG
2. Minimum duration 0.5 seconds
3. Maximum duration 10 seconds


A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1,2,and 3
C. 2 and 3 only

Minimum duration of 0.5 seconds - maximum duration of 10 seconds
Bruxism is scored by the sleep technologist in the presence of

1. Tonic or phasic elevations of chin EMG
2. Duration of 0.25 - 2 seconds
3. Minimum of 10 tooth grinding episodes


A. 1 only
B. 3 only
C. 1 and 2 only
D. 1,2, and 3
C. Tonic or phasic elevations of chin EMG duration of 0.25 - 2 seconds
Scoring Rhythmic Movement Disorderi is determined by a frequency range of

A. 0.1 - 1.0 Hz
B. 0.2 - 1.5 Hz
C. 0.5 - 2.0 Hz
D. 1.0 - 5.0 Hz
C. 0.5 - 2.0 Hz
Which of the following terms are appropriate when scoring sleep in children 2 months post term or older?

1. Stage W
2. Stage R
3. Stage N

A. 1,2, and 3 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 only
D. 1 only
Stage W and stage N
The sleep technologist scores a pediatric patients montage and believes that the epochs being reviewed reveal the patient is having several apneas. Which of the following should the technologist observe?

1. Drop in peak signal excursion by > 90% of pre-event baseline
2. Event last > 10 seconds
3. Event lasts for at least 4. Issued breaths


A. 1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1,2,and 3 only
A. 1 only
Which of the following general parameters must be reported during home sleep testing in adult patients?

1. Oxygen saturation
2. Type of airflow sensor
3. Type of respiratory effort sensor
4. Heart rate


A. 1 & 2 only
B. 3 & 4 only
C. 2,3, and 4 only
D. 1,2 3 4
D. 1,2, 3 and 4
Stage N1 of sleep contains which of the following characteristics in adult patient?

1.alpha waves
2. Theta waves
3. K complexes
4. Berger waves

A. 1 & 4
B. 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 3 and 4 only
C. 2 and 3 only
Stage 2 of sleep contains which of the following characteristics?

1. Sleep spindles
2.Theta Waves
3. K complexes
4. Delta Waves

A. 1,2, and 3 only
B. 2, 3and 4 only
C. 1,3, and 4 only
D. 3 and 4 only
A. 1,2 and 3 sleep spindles, theta waves and k complexes
Excessive sleep spindles in stage 2 may indicate the patient is using


A. Corticosteroids
B. Diuretics
C. Amphetamines
D. Benzodiazepines
D. Benzodiazepines
A patient undergoing a polysomnography has suddenly entering slow wave stage of sleep. The sleep specialist knows this because of the appertaining of one characteristic wave on EEG:

1. Sleep spindles
2. Theta waves
3. Delta waves
4. K complexes


A. 1 and 4
B. 2 only
C. 2 and 4 only
D. 3 only
3 only delta waves
In describing REM sleep which of the following are true ?

1. Makes up 75 % of sleep
2. Most memorable dreams occur here
3. Breathing and heart rate are regular
4. Airway resistance is usually decreased


A. 1,2, and 3 only
B. 2 only
C. 2,3, and 4 only
D. 1 and 3 only
B. 2 only most memorable dreams occur here
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