Psychology Ch 1

Term
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The Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov discovered dogs would salivate to the sound of a ticking metronome due to ________.
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Terms in this set (25)
The Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov discovered dogs would salivate to the sound of a ticking metronome due to ________.
A learned reflexive response called conditioning.
According to Freud, repressed unconscious urges ____________.
Can surface and create nervous disorders
Which perspective focuses on free will and self actualization?
Humanistic perspective
Ashlee is a single mother living in a project in a poor section of the city. She has addiction issues and just lost custody of her 3 children. What type of mental health professional is more likely to get involved in Ashlee's situation?
psychiatric social worker
Which type of early psychologist believed that "the whole is more than the sum of its parts?"
Gestaltist
While on a visit to a large city, you observe several billboards in which a series of lights seems to move. Which perspective in psychology would most likely help you understand this phenomenon?
Gestalt
When you watch dogs play in the park, or watch how your professors conduct their classes. you are engaging in a form of ________.
naturalistic observation
Operationalization is ________.
the precise meaning of a term used to describe a variable, such as a type of behavior, that researchers want to measure.
A researcher is investigating the effects of exercise on weight. What are the independent and dependent variables in this experiment?
The dependent variable is weight; the independent variable is exercise.
A teacher tells the school psychologist that Billie is late to class, does not turn in her homework, squirms around a lot in her seat, and swings her feet constantly. This is an example of which goal of psychology?
describing behavior
The general curiosity about why people think, feel, and behave the way they do ______.has always probably been with usWhich of he following is an empirical question?"Is there life on other planets?"In the 1970s, a 13 year old girl was found locked up in a room, strapped to a potty chair. Since she had grown up in a world without human speech, researcher studied "Genie's" ability to acquire words, grammar, and pronunciation. This type of research is called a ________.case studyDr. Smith has individuals cycle on stationary bikes for 0, 10, 20, or 30 minutes, after which he measures their self reported mood. In this hypothetical study, the dependent variable is the ______.self reported moodIn the studying bystander effect, a researcher is interested in looking at differences between prison guards in china and the United Kingdom. The researcher is taking a(n) ___________ perspective in the cross-cultural study.socioculturalDaVonte is planning on studying the influence of intelligence on the ability to recall events from the 1960s. If DaVonte does not account for variables such as age, which could also influence one's ability to recall these events, age could be considered a(n) _________ variable.confoundingA researcher stops at the mall and asks them questions about their attitudes toward gun control. Which research technique is being used?surveyWhy was the perspective followed by Wilhelm Wundt and his followers called structuralism?Their primary focus was on describing the structure of conscious experience.Double-blind studies control for _____________.both the placebo effect and the experimenter effectA variable that the experimenter manipulates is called a(n) ____________.Independent variable.Which of the following situations best illustrates the placebo effect?You drink a nonalcoholic drink and become "intoxicated" because you think it contains alcohol.Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the strongest relationship between two variables?-.75Which psychologist was the first African American to receive a Ph.D. in educational psychology in 1925?Charles Henry ThompsonDrinking orange juice is negatively correlated with the risk of cancer. Based on this information, which of the following statements is true?The more orange juice you drink, the lower your risk of cancer.Who claimed that behavior is affected by reinforcement?B. F. Skinner