History Final Study Guide

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Republican motherhood

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Terms in this set (56)

did not succeed; an idea that women must be schooled so they can teach their children

The U.S. Army defeated the Miami Confederacy ofNative Americans under Shawnee Chief Blue Jacket and ended Native American hopes of keeping their land that lay north of the Ohio River

Treaty of Greenville

Gave America all of Ohio after General Mad Anthony Wayne battled and defeated the Indians at the Battle of Fallen Timbers.

1795 Allowed Americans to explore the area with peace of mind that the land belonged to America and added size and very fertile land to America.

Hamilton's Program

Designed to pay off the U.S.'s war debts and stabilize the economy, he believed that the United States should become a leading international commercial power.
His programs included the creation of the National Bank, the establishment of the U.S.'s credit rate, increased tariffs, and an excise tax on whiskey.
Also, he insisted that the federal government assume debts incurred by the states during the war.

debt is good, tie interests of rich, promote home manufacturing, alliance with Britain

Lousiana Purchase

The purchase of French land between the Mississippi river and the Rocky Mountains that doubled the size of the US

XYZ Affair

1798 - A commission had been sent to France in 1797 to discuss the disputes that had arisen
President Adams had also criticized the French Revolution, so France began to break off relations with the U.S.
Adams sent delegates to meet with French foreign minister Talleyrand's three agents told the American delegates that they could meet with Talleyrand only in exchange for a very large bribe.
The Americans did not pay the bribe,
and in 1798 Adams made the incident public, substituting the letters "X, Y and Z" for the names of the three French agents in his report to Congress.

Embargo Act of 1807

Law that forbade American ships from sailing to foreign ports and closed American ports to British ships

Northwest Oridance of 1787

Who: Congress
What: Legislation outlining gov't in NW territory including how to enter union, outlawing slavery, paired with Land Ord. of 1785
When: 1787
Where: Territory NW of Ohio
Why: One key success of A of C, gave equal standing to new states

Battle of Tippecanoe

Battle between Americans and Native Americans. Tecumseh and the Prophet attempted to oppress white settlement in the West, but defeated by William Henry Harrison. Led to talk of Canadian invasion and served as a cause to the War of 1812.

Cotton Gin

A machine for cleaning the seeds from cotton fibers, invented by Eli Whitney in 1793

Washington's Farewell AddressWarned against permanent foreign alliances and political parties called for the unity of the country the established precedent of a two-term presidencyBattle of New OrleansA battle in 1815 between American and British troops for control of New Orleans, ending in an American victoryWar of 1812A war between the U.S. and Great Britain was caused by American outrage over the impressment of American sailors by the British British aid to the Indians attacking the Americans on the western frontier. War broke out. Andrew Jackson seized Florida, and the British invaded and burned Washington, D.C. The Treaty of Ghent (December 1814) restored the status quo and required the U.S. to give back Florida. Two weeks later, Andrew Jackson's troops defeated the British at the Battle of New Orleans, not knowing that a peace treaty had already been signed. The war strengthened American nationalism and encouraged the growth of the industry.Adams-Onis TreatySpain gave up Florida to the U.S. and the U.S. gave up claims of Oregon territorybalance of powersEach branch of governments has "checks" on the other branches to ensure evenly distributed powerFederalistssupporters of the ConstitutionQuasi WarTerm widely used to describe French and American naval conflicts between 1798 to 1800. Neither nation declared war, although they carried out naval operations against each otherMissouri Compromise"Compromise of 1820" over the issue of slavery in Missouri. It was decided Missouri entered as a slave state Maine entered as a free state all states North of the 36th parallel were free states and all South were slave states.Articles of Confederation1st Constitution of the U.S. 1781-1788 (weaknesses-no executive, no judicial, no power to tax, no power to regulate trade)Hartford ConventionMeeting where Federalists listed their complaints against the Ruling Republican party these actions were viewed as traitorous, which lost the Federalist's influenceShay's RebellionA 1787 rebellion where a band of farmers attempted to prevent foreclosures of farms as a result of high-interest rates and taxes It highlighted the need for a strong national government just as the call for the Constitutional Convention went out.American SystemEconomic program advanced by Henry Clay included support for a national bank, high tariffs, and internal improvements emphasized strong role for federal government in the economy.two-party systemA political system dominated by two major partiesMonroe Doctrinestatement of foreign policy which said that Europe should not interfere in affairs within the United States or development of other countries in U.S.Alien and Sedition Actsacts passed by federalists giving the government power to imprison or deport foreign citizens and prosecute critics of the governmentVirginia and Kentucky Resolutions (1798)Statements authored secretly by James Madison and Thomas Jefferson in response to the Alien and Sedition Acts. The Resolutions asserted the right of states to veto federal legislation. The failure of other states to join the resolutions showed that most Americans did not believe states had the power to nullify federal legislation.Barbary WarsThe Barbary Wars (or Tripolitan Wars) were two wars between the United States of America and Barbary States in North Africa in the early 19th century. At issue was the pirates' demand of tribute from American merchant vessels in the Mediterranean Sea. American naval power attacked the pirate cities and extracted concessions of fair passage from their rulers.Marbury v. MadisonThis case establishes the Supreme Court's power of Judicial ReviewNullification CrisisThe convention declared the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 unconstitutional and unenforceable within the state of South Carolina after February 1, 1833 It was asserted that attempts to use force to collect the taxes would lead to the state's secession.Indian Removal Act(1830) a congressional act that authorized the removal of Native Americans who lived east of the Mississippi RiverBank WarJackson believed the Bank of US had too much power and was too rich. Vetoed the 2nd Bank charter and withdrew gov't money from the US Banks and put it into "pet banks"Andrew JacksonThe seventh President of the United States (1829-1837), general in the War of 1812 defeated the British at New Orleans (1815) As president, he opposed the Bank of America objected to the right of individual states to nullify disagreeable federal laws increased the presidential powers.Jay's TreatyIt said that Americans had to pay British merchants debts owed from before the revolution Britain had agreed to remove their troops from the Ohio ValleyPinckney's Treatyagreement between the united states and spain that changed floridas border and made it easier for american ships to use the port of new orleansJames K. Polkpresident in March 1845 wanted to settle oregon boundary dispute with britain wanted to aquire California wanted to incorperate Texas into union.Wilmot Proviso1846 proposal that outlawed slavery in any territory gained from the War with MexicoWhig PartyAn American political party formed in the 1830s to oppose President Andrew Jackson and the Democrats stood for protective tariffs, national banking, and federal aid for internal improvementsAbraham Lincoln16th President of the United States saved the Union during the Civil War against expansion of slaveryFugitive Slave ActA law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves allowed for the arrest of escaped slaves in areas where slavery was illegal and required their return to slaveholdersKansas-Nebraska Acta law that allowed voters in Kansas and Nebraska to choose whether to allow slaveryJohn BrownAn abolitionist who attempted to lead a slave revolt Abolitionist who was hanged after leading an unsuccessful raid at Harper's Ferry, Virginia (1800-1858)fort sumterFirst battle of the Civil War: shots fired in south CarolinaElection of 1860Lincoln, the Republican candidate, won because the Democratic party was split over slavery As a result, the South no longer felt like it has a voice in politics and a number of states seceded from the Union.Popular SovereigntyRule by the people; power resides in peopleCompromise of 1850(1) California admitted as free state, (2) territorial status and popular sovereignty of Utah and New Mexico, (3) resolution of Texas-New Mexico boundaries, (4) federal assumption of Texas debt, (5) slave trade abolished in DC, and (6) new fugitive slave law; advocated by Henry Clay and Stephen A. DouglasRepublican PartyAntislavery political party that formed in the 1850's. consisted of Whigs, N. Democrats, & Free-Soilers in defiance to the Slave PowersManifest Destiny1800s belief that Americans had the right to spread across the continent.Texas IndependenceAmerican slave owners revolted against the Mexican government when they banned slavery. This created disputes over the land's ownership.Mexican-American War(1846-1848) The war between the United States and Mexico in which the United States acquired one half of the Mexican territory.Fugitive Slave Act of 1850all that was needed to take away someone's freedoms was the word of a white person; act that required runaway slaves to be returned to their masters if caught anywhere in the United States.Treaty of Guadalupe HidalgoTreaty that ended the Mexican War, granting the U.S. control of Texas, New Mexico, and California in exchange for $15 millionUncle Tom's Cabina novel published by harriet beecher stowe in 1852 which portrayed slavery as brutal and immoralDred Scott CaseA slave sued for his freedom, but he lost. The judge ruled that slaves were property.Trail of Tearsthe forced removal of Cherokees and their transportation to Oklahoma More than 4, 00 Cherokees died of cold, disease, and lack of food during the 116-day journey.Frederick DouglassEscaped slave and great black abolitionist who fought to end slavery through political action become influential writer and lecturerSeneca Falls Declaration of SentimentsIn the spirit of the Declaration of Independence declared that all men and women are created equal. One resolution demanded the ballot for women. This meeting launched the modern women's rights movement.