Speech memorization

American Anthropological Association, 2022, What is anthropology? Its stated that "Herodotus, a greek historian, traveled to regions as far flung as present day Libya, Ukraine, Egypt, and Syria, during the 5th century BCE Herodotus traveled to these places to understand the origins of conflict between greeks and persians Herodotus described the customs and social structures of the peoples he visited. These detailed observations are considered one of the world's first exercises in ethnography" this statement proves that anthropology practices can be seen as far back as the 5th century because Herodotus conducted what is now known as Ethnography.

This statement is an example of how core anthropology practices can be dated back to the 5th century BCE, where Herodotus basically conducted what is now known as an ethnography

What is an ethnography?

Ethnography is one of the many methods used in anthropology research, they help anthropologists closely observe peoples behaviors and interactions with one another, it is a method that requires being fully invested in culture or community.

Other methods of research

There's multiple research methods used in anthropology research. The majority of the methods are very hands on, meaning that you must become involved with the group that you're studying, this can also be known as fieldwork.

Most popular methods of fieldworkThe most popular methods of fieldwork include, ethnography, participant observation, quantitive, qualitative and mixed methods, conversations or interviews and, gathering life histories.What's the main focus of cultural anthropology?The main focus of Cultural anthropology is to examine how individuals from other cultures live and how they perceive the world.Disagreements among culturesIndividuals may disagree on appropriate clothing, food, language, and behavior, sometimes this occurs within the same culture. To understand the reasoning for this anthropologists must see it from the perspectives of all the cultures, to see how they differ and how they're the same. They try to understand the perspectives, behaviors, social structures of cultures whose beliefs and practices may be different from their own.Anthropology perspectivesOftentimes cultural anthropologists apply certain perspectives to their research, the perspectives help give them a greater understanding. The most commonly used perspectives are emic and eticemicemic is through the perspective of the group that's being studiedAmerican University of Washington, 2020, Qualitative Methods in Monitoring and Evaluation: The Emic and Etic, states "In the case of a project targeting women in Afghanistan, it is helpful for project managers to understand local level emic perceptions of gender, so they will know how to craft and manage the project in culturally Acceptable ways. It is also helpful to take a step back and look at the project, its activities, and its LogFrame, from the etic perspective, so we can analyze our progress and results."This statement shows how the emic perspective would be helpful to use in the scenario where there's a project that wants to target women in Afghanistan.eticetic is through the perspective of the observerwhat is the main focus of linguistic anthropology?The main focus of Linguistic anthropology is the variety of languages that are spoken by individuals throughout the world. They find it interesting how language is connected to the way that people view the world, and how they communicate.National Geographic, 2022, History and Branches of Anthropology, States "To understand how people use language for social and cultural purposes, linguistic anthropologists closely document what people say as they engage in daily social activities. This documentation relies on participant-observation and other methods, including audiovisual recording and interviews with participants."this statement shows ways in which linguistic anthropologists study and observe languageHow do linguistic anthropologists study language?Linguistic anthropologists study language by seeing all the different forms in which it can be used and how it develops across time, they often study it by observing how it is used in conversation and ordinary routineWhy is linguistic anthropology important?Linguistic anthropology is important because the information gained from language can be used to increase literacy, enhance interpersonal communications or even help aid speech problems.what is the main focus of archaeology?The main focus of archaeology is to study history, through the use of tangible objects left behind. These objects often include anything that was made, altered, or used by people. These objects are often located using a method known as excavation, which is the process of carefully undigging something.National Geographic, 2022, History and Branches of Anthropology, states "Macaw eggshells, skeletal remains, and ceramic imagery recovered at archaeological sites in the United States Southwest suggest the important role macaws played as exotic trade items and objects of worship for prehistoric peoples in that area."In this statement it can be seen that through the use of objects that were excavated, they were able to see which items were popular in trade in the southwest.Archaeologies study erasArchaeologists often choose specific era's to study. Archaeologists use the objects that they find from certain time periods to uncover the methods of living that they used and piece together historyArea of archaeology research may rangeThe area of research for archaeologists may range from primates to humans. Studying extinct primates and humans is done through their bones and structures, which are often retrieved through excavation.What is the main focus of biological anthropology?The main focus of biological anthropologists is to determine the causes of certain illnesses, early death, and how we evolved from animals.How do biological anthropologists study our biology?Biological anthropologists study our biology by examining both alive and dead people, and they also study multiple different primates. They study extinct species through the use of fossils. They find the connections between culture and biology in humans to be interesting. With the use of biological research it has been determined that people are more alike than we are different.Biological anthropology umbrella subfieldBiological anthropology can be considered an umbrella subfield, meaning that it houses many smaller fields, these smaller fields include: Paleontology, Primatology, Skeletal biology, Forensic anthropology, and human biology. The most common one is paleontologyUC Santa Cruz. (2022). Subfields of Anthropology. States "Paleoanthropology studies the evolution of primates and hominids from the fossil record and from what can be determined through comparative anatomy and studies of social structure and behavior from our closest living relatives."this subfield tends to be the most common due to its help in comparative research among primatesin conclusionAnthropology is the study of all humans and primates, and as humans I believe it is important to have some knowledge on the topic. Through the use of all four subfields we can help broaden our understanding on the evolution of our biology, languages, and cultures. I still find one thing quite odd, and that is that we as humans study the study of humans when we study anthropology.

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