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BIO Terms

Terms in this set (100)

a hypothesis really is
an educated or proposed answer
peptide bonds are in
proteins
disaccharides are
actually two monosaccharides
Tumors are
clumps of cells that grow/divide abnormally
Protein example would be
snake venom, insulin, and hairs
fats and oils
contain 3 fatty acids
an atom is the
smallest unit of an element with its triats
resolving power
distinguishes two close objects
Ribose and Deoxyribose are the
sugars in nucleic acids
Transfer RNA
carries amino acids to the ribosome
Lysosome is a
sac of digestive enzymes
A compound microscope has
two lenses
a proteins secondary structure is
pattern of H bonds
Structural formula
shows the arrangement of atoms and bonds
a protein's primary structure is its
unique AA sequence
buffers serve to
keep pH constant
organic molecules are
made chiefly by living organisms
Semen is human
sperm plus secretions
The atomic weight of an element is
number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
sampling error
is in all experiments using a limited number of subjects
oxytocin
causes labor pains
Chromosomes are
strands of DNA with associated RNA
a polar bond
has unequal/lopsided sharing of electrons
natural selection involves
selection by nature of the fittest
Eucaryotic cells have
nuclear membrane
surface tension is due to
cohesion of water molecules
mutations are
heritable DNA changes
an example of a selective pressure
low temperatures
homologous chromosomes are the
two chromosomes of a pair
the rough ER has
ribosomes attached to it
When a substance dissociates, it
comes apart
An anatomical adaptation involves
Structure of the body
ATP
supplies energy for chemical reactions within cells
Metabolism is all of an organism's
biochemical reactions
chloroplast are the
photosynthetic green plastids
To denature a proteins means to
heat it so it no longer functions
Organelles are the
little organs of cells
monosaccharides are
simples sugars like gluctose
codons are
"words" of genetics
bacteriophages are
viruses that infect bacteria
testosterone is a
Male sex hormone
the ER is a system of
tunnels and sacs outside the nucleus
catalyst
speed up chemical reactions
Pollen grains are
immature male gametophytes
coenzymes are
non-protein enzyme helpers
The golgi complex is
of flat membranes that sort and package
chromatin
name for chromosomes when no cell division is happening
electron shells/orbitals
are areas in space holding electrons
restriction enzymes
cut DNA
Carbohydrates examples would be
none of these
pollination is the
transfer of pollen from anther to stigma
flagella
whip-like strands for locomotion
an atomic nucleus is the
Center of an atom
Phospholipids
most important structural lipids
the control group or treatment
is under strict scientist control
nucleic acid examples would be
genes
steroids
4 carbon rings, hormones, or adrenal molecules
genes are the
genetic units of chromosomes
Differentiation means
cells change into others
a molecule
has atoms bonded together
mitochondria
large organelles making ATP(energy)
Recombinant DNA involves
combining genes from more than one organism
a carboxyl group is
COOH
In a chemical reaction
new bonds form
amino acids are
protein monomers
a hydrogen bond
holds many important organic molecules together
pH
measure of acidity/alkalinity
the atomic number of an element is its
number of protons
Progesterone
female pregnancy hormone
the initial scientific method step is
observation
Meiosis
reduction in chromosome numbers
lipid examples would be
all of these
an active site is where the
enzyme/substrate binds
Vas deferens
carry human sperm
Cytokinesis is the
pinching in of cell cytoplasm
The scientific method is
a way of answering cause/effect questions in nature
fatty acids are the
simplest lipids
substrates
need an enzyme to react on them
endosperm is a
triploid food source
adaptions by organisms
are forced by selective pressures
cilia are
hairlike organelles on some cell surfaces
procaryotic cells have
no nuclear membrane
An acid
releases H+ in water
the smooth ER has
no ribosomes
DNA and RNA are
genetic macromolecules
a fruit is really a
swollen ovary
amniocentesis involves
fluid sampling from the womb
enzymes are
proteins catalyst
a condensation reaction involves
joining monomers
monomers are
small molecules forming polymers
adhesion involves
attachment of different substances
the cell nucleoli are areas where
ribosomes are made
An ionic bond involves _____.
a transfer/loss of electrons
the objective lens is nearest the
slide
a molecular formula
shows the kinds and numbers of atoms in a molecule
DNA replications means
duplication
vegetative reproduction
involves asexual/cloning
reactants are
left of any chemical equation
A wax has
a fatty acid plus alcohol group
transcription involves
RNA made from DNA
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