APUSH PERIOD 7: 1890-1945

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Progressive
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Terms in this set (57)
Progressive
An era in corrections during the early 1900s that emphasized individualized treatment and the state's ability to solve problems
Social Justice
An ideal that embraces all aspects of civilized life and that is linkied to fundamental notions of fairness and to cultural beliefs about right and wrong
Conservation
Holding to traditional attitudes and values and cautious about change or innovation, typically in politics or religion.
New Deal
A plan by President Franklin Roosevelt intended to bring economic relief, recovery, and reforms to the country after the Great Depression.
Harlem Renaissance
1920s growth in African American literature and arts, as southern African Americans brought culture to the north
Xenophobia
Fear of foreigners
Mass Media
Forms of communication, such as newspapers and radio, that reach millions of people.
Red Scare
A period when the government went after "red"-as Communists were known- and others with radical views
Great Migration
movement of over 300,000 African American from the rural south into Northern cities between 1914 and 1920
Spanish American War
In 1898, a conflict between the United States and Spain, in which the U.S. supported the Cubans' fight for independence
American Expeditionary Forcethe U.S. forces, led by Gen. John Pershing, who fought with the allies in Europe during WWITreaty of VersaillesTreaty ending WWI; required Germany to pay huge war reparations and established the League of NationsUnited NationsAn international body composed of many countries that seeks to promote peace, prosperity, and cooperation around the world. It was formed in 1945 at the end of World War II.Pearl HarborUnited States military base on Hawaii that was bombed by Japan, bringing the United States into World War II. Pearl Harbor was attacked on December 7, 1941.Japanese InternmentCarried out through Executive Order 9066, which took many Japanese families away from their homes and into internment camp. Motivated by racism after Pearl Harbor bombingCivil LibertiesFreedoms to think and act without government interference or fear of unfair legal treatment.Atomic BombTwo atomic bombs were dropped on Japan (Hiroshima and Nagasaki) which forced Japan to surrender and ended WWII.Alfred Thayer MahanUS Admiral who encouraged the US to strengthen its naval power to become a world power.Yellow JournalismJournalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readersJingoismAggressive nationalismRoosevelt Corollaryextension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military forceMuckrakersA group of writers, journalists, and critics who exposed corporate malfeasance and political corruption in the first decade of the 20th century.John DeweyA eductaion reformer who believed we needed to teach our kids prolem solving skills, not just memeorizing factsTriangle Shirtwaist Company fireIn 1911, bolted the fire escape door shut in order to keep female workers from taking breaks. A fire later broke out and killed 146 workers, a large majority were women.InitiativeA procedure by which voters can propose a law or a constitutional amendment.ReferendumA legislative act is referred for final approval to a popular vote by the electorate.RecallA procedure allowing the people to vote to dismiss an elected official from state office before his or her term has expired.Wisconsin IdeaA change (reform) proposed by Governor LaFollette that gave voters more power in government.Robert LaFolletteRepublican Senator from Wisconsin - ran for president under the Progressive Party - proponent of Progressivism and a vocal opponent of railroad trusts, bossism, World War I, and the League of NationsFlorence KellyActive in the settlement house movement and led progressive labor reforms for women and children.Ballinger-Pinchot Affaira dispute between U.S. Forest Service Chief Gifford Pinchot and U.S. Secretary of the Interior Richard Achilles Ballinger that contributed to the split of the Republican Party before the 1912 Presidential Election and helped to define the U.S. conservation movement in the early 20th century.Dollar DiplomacyForeign policy created under President Taft that had the U.S. exchanging financial support ($) for the right to "help" countries make decisions about trade and other commercial ventures. Basically it was exchanging money for political influence in Latin America and the Caribbean.Federal Reserve ActSet up a system of federal banks and gave government the power to control the money supply, 1913Louis BrandeisA lawyer and jurist, he created the "Brandeis Brief," which succinctly outlines the facts of the case and cites legal precedents, in order to persuade the judge to make a certain ruling.Espionage Act1917 act gave the government new ways to combat spyingSedition ActMade it a crime to criticize the government or government officials. Opponents claimed that it violated citizens' rights to freedom of speech and freedom of the press, guaranteed by the First amendment.Fourteen PointsWilson's plan for peace following WWI.League of Nationsan international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nationsEddie RickenbackerFamous American fighter pilotNormalcyA return to "normal" life after the war.Sacco and Vanzetti"victims" of nativism and "Americanism"Scopes Trial1925 court case in which Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan debated the issue of teaching evolution in public schoolsThe Lost generationPost war writers that left a sense of dislocation and alienation. They felt the real America had been lost or distorted.flappersYoung women of the 1920s that behaved and dressed in a radical fashionHawley Smoot Tarrifraised prices on foreign imports to such a level that they could not compete in the American market, slowed down tradePump primingGovernment action taken to stimulate the economy, as spending money in the commercial sector, cutting taxes, or reducing interest ratesRelief, recover, reformthree goals of new dealCCCCivilian Conservation Corps. It was Relief that provided work for young men 18-25 years old in food control, planting, flood work, etc.WPAWork Progress Administration: Massive work relief program funded projects ranging from construction to acting; disbanded by FDR during WWIISocial Security Act1935, guaranteed retirement payments for enrolled workers; set up federal-state system of unemployment insurance and care for dependent mothers and children, the handicapped, and public healthWagner Act1935, also National Labor Relations Act; granted rights to unions; allowed collective bargainingDust Bowl1930; Central region, the term for the Great Plains when there was little rain and there were great storms of dust.Neutrality Acts4 laws passed in the late 1930s that were designed to keep the US out of international incidentsAppeasementA policy of making concessions to an aggressor in the hopes of avoiding war.America First CommitteeA committee organized by isolationists in 1940 to oppose American entry into World War IIAtlantic Charter1941-Pledge signed by US president FDR and British prime minister Winston Churchill not to acquire new territory as a result of WWII amd to work for peace after the warManhattan ProjectThe name of the top secret program that developed the atomic bomb.