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Ch 6: Integumentary System

Terms in this set (51)

hypodermis
layer of fat beneath the dermis also known as the subcutaneous layer
epidermis
The outermost layer of skin designed to provide protection
dermis
Layer of skin found beneath the epidermis
cutaneous membrane
covers and protects body; aka skin
subcutaneous layer
located just below the skin, connects the skin to the surface muscles; aka hypodermis
accessory structures
Hair, Exocrine Glands, and Nails are all known as these types of structures.
stratified squamous epithelium
the type of tissue that the epidermis is made of
dense connective tissue
the type of tissue that the majority of the dermis is made of
adipose tissue
the type of tissue that the hypodermis is made of
keratinocyte
Epidermal cells that produce keratin which makes the cells more durable.
Epidermal cells that produce keratin which makes the cells more durable.
keratin
A fibrous protein that is the principal component of hair, skin, and nails
melanocyte
cells that produce melanin
stratum corneum
the most superficial layer of the epidermis consisting of dead cells
Stratum Basale
the deepest layer of the epidermis consisting of stem cells capable of undergoing cell division to form new cells
keratinization
Process by which newly formed cells in the stratum basale mature, fill with keratin, move upward, lose their nucleus, and die.
hair shaft
the portion of the hair that projects beyond the skin
hair root
The part of the hair located below the surface of the epidermis.
arrector pili
a smooth muscle attached to hair follicles that causes "goose bumps" to appear on the skin when contracted
sebaceous gland
secrete sebum (oil) into the hair follicles where the hair shafts pass through the dermis
sebum
oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands
sudoriferous gland
sweat glands
eccrine gland
Sweat glands found all over the body with openings on the skin's surface through pores; function is to regulate body temperature (aka merocrine)
apocrine gland
Sweat glands in the gential and underarm areas that secrete sweat, that produce odor when come in contact with bacteria on the skin; open into hair follicles
nail
accessory structure of the skin that contains hard keratin, grows continuously, and aids in the manipulation and grasping of small objects.
nail root
the portion of a nail that is buried in a fold of skin
nail body
visible part of the nail
nail bed
the portion of the living skin on which the nail body sits
lunula
whitish, half-moon shape at the base of the nail
melanin
A pigment that gives the skin its color
albinism
congenital hereditary condition characterized by partial or total lack of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes
cyanosis
Bluish discoloration of the skin
jaundice
A symptom of illness marked by yellow-orange discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes resulting from excess bilirubin in the blood.
carotene
pigment found in fruits and veggies that give a yellow-orange tint
cancer
A disease in which some body cells grow and divide uncontrollably, damaging the parts of the body around them.
malignant
Very harmful; threatening death; cancerous (of a tumor)
benign
Harmless; favorable; kindle, gentle, or beneficial; not cancerous
metastasize
the process by which cancer spreads from one place to another
skin cancer
most common type of cancer
basal cell carcinoma
most common type of skin cancer; arises from cells in stratum basale.
squamous cell carcinoma
second most common type of skin cancer; arises from cells in the stratum spinosum.
melanoma
least common type of skin cancer; most deadly; arise from melanocytes
ABCDE Rule
rule used to detect melanoma by routine examination of the skin
burn
injury to a tissue caused by heat, cold, friction, chemicals, electricity, or radiation
partial-thickness burn
part of skin is damaged by burn
full-thickness burn
all skin is damaged by burn
first-degree burn
superficial burn; no blisters, superficial damage to the epidermis; reddening of the skin
second-degree burn
partial thickness burn; blisters, damage to the epidermis and dermis
third-degree burn
full thickness burn; damage to the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layers, and possibly also the muscle below; blackening of the tissue
first-degree burn
what type of burn?
second-degree burn
what type of burn?
third-degree burn
What type of burn?
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