Intro into nursing test 2

What is the definition of Culture?
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Terms in this set (19)
What is the definition of Culture?
is a pattern of shared beliefs, attitudes, self definition, norms, roles and values that occur among those who speak a particular language or are from a specific geographical location
These dimensions guide such areas as: ?
social relationships, expression of thoughts, emotions, morality, religious beliefs and rituals and the use of technology.
The first subconcept is known as Enculturation, which is known as?
•process by which a person learns norms, values and behaviors of another culture.
--Example: a high school student from the United States spends the summer abroad with a family in Switzerland
The second subconcept is known as Acculturation, which is known as?
•Process of acquiring new attitudes, role, customs, or behaviors.
-Example: An immigrant from China develops a preference for Western foods and music.
The third subconcept is known as Assimilation, which is known as?
•Process by which a person gives up their original identity and develops a new cultural identity by becoming absorbed into the dominant cultural group.
-Example: A Native American loses his native identity after living in Chicago for 10 years.
The fourth subconcept is known as Biculturalism, which is known as?
•Duel pattern of identification
-Example: A woman of Christian faith married to a Muslim adopts some Muslim practices and also maintains some traditional Christian practices.
Ethnicity and Ethnic identity is known as?
-Common ancestry that leads to shared values and beliefs

-Influenced by culture and common ancestry

-Ethnicity is a powerful determinant of one's identity, known as Ethnic Identity.
Race is known as?
•: no genetic characteristics that distinguish one from another
-No biological meaning: Societal meaning
What is cultures scope of concept?
1. culture
2. causal beliefs about health
3. illness expression
4. symptoms of illness
5. taboos
What is the definition of scope?
•Is very broad and influences the shared beliefs, values and behaviors of the group.
-Norms impact all aspects of life
-Norms influence how people make decisions.
What are causal beliefs about illness?•Cultural differences can result in different explanations for illness. •Non-western cultures- explanatory models of illness might include: -Natural causes ( bacteria, viruses, climate, environment) -Social world ( punishment for behavior or negative social interactions) -Supernatural ( ancestral spirits or deities)What are symptoms and expressions of illness?•Can be unique for different cultures. -"Cultural bound syndromes" occur in specific societies and have a constellation of symptoms. -Example: Shenjing shuario (weakness of the nerves) is caused by decreased energy that reduces the function of vital organs and lowers resistance to disease. •Symptoms: fatigue, weakness, dizziness and memory loss.What does taboo mean?•Certain illnesses or behaviors that are characteristics of illness may be stigmatizing and are often not revealed to healthcare professionals. -May deny symptoms and decide not to seek treatment -Mental illness(schizophrenia or depression) -Behavior disorders in children (ADHD, Autism) -STD's (Herpes, syphilis) -Potentially fatal disease (HIV, EBOLA)What are common attributes to culture?-Culture is learned •Not limited to members who share the same origins. •Anyone who shares certain roles, values and norms •Culture is determined by self identification and most people are a mix of more than 1 culture.True/False: Culture is changeableTrue: -Cultures are constantly changing as people adapt to the environment and technical innovations. -The globalization and the influence of diverse culture groupsWhat are the 5 Steps in attributes and criteria?1.Individualism versus Collectivism 2. Power Distance 3. Masculinity versus Femininity 4. Long-Term versus Short-Term Orientation 5. ReligionWhat is the difference between Individualism vs. Collectivism?•Place value on the degree of closeness and the structure of social interactions, as well as where loyalties lie -Immediate family or extended clan •Concept of Self -Interdependent- self worth viewed in relation to others -Independent- Individual self worth (US, Western Europe)What is Power Distance?•Acceptance of an unequal distribution of power as legitimate from the clients point of view of the less powerful. •Cultures with more equal distribution of power -Opinions will be heard -Right to criticize those in powerWhat is Theoretical Link?•Leininger (Cultural Care Diversity) -Concepts of emic and etic approach to understand behaviors. -EMIC: understand from within culture •(Insider's viewpoint) -ETIC: application of constructs exterior to the culture to discover universal characteristics common to all - *Use of both approaches could lead to a more responsive approach to caring.