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Criminology - Chapter 2

Terms in this set (30)

The Bureau of Justice Statistics is the federal agency that collects data from local law enforcement agencies and publishes them yearly in its Uniform Crime Report (UCR). (FBI)

True or False
False
The National Crime Victimization Survey addresses the nonreporting of crime issue inherent in the UCR.

True or False
True
Property crime rates have declined in recent years, dropping more than 10 percent during the past decade.

True or False
True
The age structure of the population has a significant influence on crime trends.

True or False
True
Most people commit less crime as they mature.

True or False
True
The view that women who commit crimes have biological and psychological traits similar to those of men is known as liberal feminist theory.

True or False
False
In relation to property crime, the peak age of offending is believed to be about 26 years of age.

True or False
True
Aging out is a term used to address the ending of a sentence for those convicted of lengthy felony sentences.

True or False
False
Wolfgang and associates' second cohort study found that 6 percent of female delinquents were chronic offenders.

True or False
False
According to the research on chronic offenders, arrests and court experiences deter chronic offenders.

True or False
False
Among young people, the commission of crime is primarily a group activity.

True or False
True
Males commit more crimes than females, and male arrest rates are growing faster than female arrest rates.

True or False
False
The UCR contains data on Part I and Part II crimes. Which of the following is not a Part I crime?

a. Hate crime
b. Arson
c. Forcible rape
d. Aggravated assault
a. Hate crime
What shortcoming in the UCR is addressed by the National Crime Victimization Survey?

a. The Sampling Rule
b. The nonclearance issue
c. The Hierarchy Rule
d. The nonreporting issue
C or D: The hierarchy rule or the nonreporting issue
Although self-report studies can be used to examine the offense history of prison inmates and drug users, most self-report studies have focused on
crime.

a. adult
b. youth
c. hate
d. school
b. Youth
How does today's violent crime rate compare to the violent crime rate in 1991?

a. Today's violent crime rate has increased by nearly 20 percent.
b. Today's violent crime rate has increased by nearly 50 percent.
c. Today's violent crime rate has decreased by nearly 20 percent.
d. Today's violent crime rate has decreased by nearly 50 percent.
d. Today's violent crime rate has decreased by nearly 50 percent.
There is evidence that the monumental decision in years later.

a. Roe v. Wade
b. Bell v. Burton
c. Kidd v. Georgia
d. Furman v. Georgia
a. Roe v. Wade
Most human trafficking is considered within the same region of the world.

a. intraregional
b. interregional
c. cross-sectional
d. intraracial
a. intraregional
What neurotransmitter is known to limit offensive behavior?

a. dopamine
b. histamine
c. octopamine
d. serotonin
d. serotonin
Which neurotransmitter is shown to facilitate aggressive behavior?

a. dopamine
b. melatonin
c. octopamine
d. serotonin
a. dopamine
In Wolfgang et al.'s study of male juvenile delinquents, what percentage consisted of chronic offenders?

a. 6 percent
b. 10 percent
c. 16 percent
d. 20 percent
a. 6 percent
Martha is looking to move to a new city to raise her two young children. School quality and crime rates are her two biggest concerns that she will evaluate before deciding on which city to move to. Her employment is flexible in that she works from home. Thus, she is able to work from anywhere in the country. Martha is particularly concerned with drug offenses and vandalism in the community that she will move to. These types of offenses are crimes, according to the official crime records.

a. Part I
b. Part II
c. Violent
d. Juvenile
b. Part II
The police chief in Anytown, USA, is conducting weekly seminars where the residents of his city can come and learn about crime rates, crime trends, and crime patterns in their city. Every week the seminars seem to become more popular. At the most recent seminar, 200 people attended. They had to move the seminar into the city auditorium. At this week's seminar, one of the participants asked the chief of police to comment on crime rates. The community is concerned that the police department is not deploying its manpower effectively.
According to the research, during what months should police staffing be maximized?

a. January and February
b. March and April
c. July and August
d. November and December
c. July and August
In 2015 and 2016, there was a(n) _________ in violent crime, as compared to prior years.

a. tripling
b. uptick
c. slight downtick
d. plunge
b. uptick
For what types of crimes are elderly males predominantly arrested?

a. Alcohol-related
b. Larceny
c. Violent
d. Property
a. Alcohol-related
Before age 18, Lindy had been arrested twice for shoplifting and once for aggravated assault. Lindy says that being arrested has little effect on her criminal behavior. Lindy is a

a. chronic offender
b. career offender
c. career criminologist
d. chronic criminal
a. chronic offender
The consequence of a lack of income and other resources, which cumulatively leads to poverty, is known as

a. resource deprivation
b. instrumental deprivation
c. expressive deprivation
d. ecology deprivation
a. resource deprivation
Which of the following is not mentioned as a predictive factor for chronicity?

a. Beginning lawbreaking at an early age
b. Single-parent households
c. Low intellectual development
d. Parental drug involvement
b. Single-parent households
After a decade of increases, crime rates peaked in ______________, with 15 million crimes recorded that year.

a. 2001
b. 1981
c. 1991
d. 2011
c. 1991
The police chief in Anytown, USA, is conducting weekly seminars where the residents of his city can come and learn about crime rates, crime trends, and crime patterns in their city. Every week the seminars seem to become more popular. At the most recent seminar, 200 people attended. They had to move the seminar into the city auditorium. At this week's seminar, one of the participants asked the chief of police to comment on crime rates. Which statement below would the chief be able to state with certitude?

a. "Speculating about future crime trends is risky because change can occur rapidly."
b. "Crime rates will continue to decrease because they have been decreasing for the past 20 years and crime trends move in 40-year cycles."
c. "Crime rates will most likely increase because the baby boomer population is increasing."
d. "All U.S. cities will experience a decrease in crime rates next year because international crime rates continue to decline."
a. "Speculating about future crime trends is risky because change can occur rapidly."
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