Cooper (Ch. 12): Negative Reinforcement

Term

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avoidance contingency

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Terms in this set (7)

avoidance contingency

A contingency in which a response prevents or postpones the presentation of a stimulus.

conditioned negative reinforcer

a previously neutral stimulus change that functions as a negative reinforcer because of prior pairing with one or more negative reinforcers

discriminated avoidance

A contingency in which responding in the presence of a signal prevents the onset of a stimulus from which escape is a reinforcer.

escape contingency

a response terminates an ongoing stimulus.

free operant avoidance

A contingency in which responses at any time during an interval prior to the scheduled onset of an aversive stimulus delays the presentation of the aversive stimulus.

negative reinforcement

contingency in which the occurrence of a response produces the removal, termination, reduction or postponement of a stimulus, which lead to an increase in the future occurrence of that response.

unconditioned negative reinforcer

A stimulus that functions as a negative reinforce as a result of the evolutionary development of the species (phylogeny); no prior learning is involved (e.g., shock, loud noise, intense light, extreme temperatures, strong pressure against the body).