Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

PSY 1300 : Exam 2

Terms in this set (24)

Define consciousness
awareness of self and environment
Explain dual processing
Information is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious (explicit) and unconscious (implicit) tracks.
- Like when someone asks me something and I say what as if I didn't it but then I'm like oh and proceed to answer the questions without them repeating the question. A delay in processing.
What is the difference between parallel and sequential processing?
parallel process is when you're solving many things at once and sequential process is when you're solving one thing at a time
What is parallel processing?
An unconscious state in which the brain executes many functions at the same time, usually to process simple tasks or solve easy problems.
What is sequential processing?
processing one aspect of a problem at a time; generally used to process new information or to solve difficult problems
Why do we sleep?
1. Sleep may have played a PROTECTIVE ROLE in human evolution

2. Sleep helps RESTORE AND REPAIR damaged neurons.

3. REM and NREM-2 sleep help STRENGTHEN NUERAL CONNECTIONS that build enduring memories.

4. Sleep PROMOTES CREATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING the next day.

5. During deep sleep, the pituitary gland secretes a GROWTH HORMONE necessary for muscle development.
What is the difference between the various sleep stages?
NREM - 1 : Beginning of sleep; Irregular brainwaves, slow breathing
NREM - 2: Sleep spindles - rapid bursts
NREM - 3: Deep sleep, slow delta waves
Alpha Waves: Slow brain waves, relaxed & awake
Delta Waves: Larger slow brain waves, during deep sleep
Dr. Sanchez is at a work party and is currently listening to Dr. Chen talk about her latest research on facial recognition software when he suddenly becomes aware of someone mentioning his name on the other side of the room. This phenomenon is known as:
the cocktail party effect
If you are like most people, you experience daily fluctuations in many bodily processes, such as blood pressure, the secretion of hormones, and so on. These daily variations in biological and psychological processes are called:
Circadian rhythms
Sleep spindles occur in which sleep stage?
NREM-2
What are genes and why should we be aware of epigenetics?
Genes are Biochemical units of heredity that make up
chromosomes, the threadlike coils of DNA

- Because behaviors we do in our lives can alter the genes that we pass on.
What is temperament and is it genetic or environmental?
(Temper) A person's characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity; apparent from first weeks of life and generally persists into adulthood

It is genetic
Parents have more influence on: (7)
1. Education / Career path

2. Cooperation

3. Self Discipline

4. Responsibility

5. Charitableness

6. Religion

7. Interaction style with authority figures
Peers have more influence on: (5)
1. Learning cooperation skills

2. Learning the path to popularity

3. Choice of music and other recreation

4. Choice of clothing and other cultural choices

5. Good and bad habits
The transmission of shared knowledge, customs and traditions across generations is an indication of:
Culture
Your professor suggests that the increasing problem of obesity in Western cultures might be attributable to our inherited predisposition to prefer sweet and fatty foods. Although these foods were difficult for our ancestors to find, they helped them to survive famines and durations without food. Now, these foods are easily available, and Westerners are eating too much of them. What field does this theory belong to?
Evolutionary Psychology
A gender role refers to:
a set of expected behaviors and traits
What are Erikson's Psychosocial Stages?
1. trust vs. mistrust (infancy)

2. autonomy vs. shame and doubt (early childhood)

3. initiative vs. guilt (preschool age)

4. industry vs. inferiority (school age)

5. identity vs. role confusion (adolescence)

6. intimacy vs. isolation (young adulthood)

7. generatively vs. stagnation (middle age)

8. integrity vs. despair (later life)
Why is it important for an infant to develop a sense of basic trust?
Helping your child feel secure
Regarding Kohlberg's moral reasoning, what are the differences between conventional and post conventional morality?
Conventional is publicly/socially acceptable,
post-conventional is more of personal beliefs
What are the four parenting styles discussed in the textbook? Know the different between authoritarian and authoritative
1. Authoritarian : They impose rules and expect obedience.

2. Permissive : They make few demands, set few limits, and use little punishment.

3. Negligent : These careless and inattentive parents do not seek a close relationship with their children.

4. Authoritative : They exert control by setting rules but, especially with older children, encourage open discussion and allow exceptions.
In Piaget's theory, a schema is:
a cognitive framework that allows us to place concepts, objects, and experiences into categories or groups.
_________________ refers to understanding that a persons' mental state and experience differs from yours; that is, how feelings, perceptions, or thoughts might predict or explain their behavior.
Theory of mind
Physical abilities such as muscular strength, reaction time, sensory keenness, and cardiac output reach their peak during:
Early adulthood
Other Quizlet sets