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Ap bio exam one

Terms in this set (22)

Polar
Cohesion/ adhesion
High cp
Ice floats
Good solvent
Properties of water
Primary protein structure
Beads on a sting with each bead representing an amino acid
secondary protein structure
occurs when the sequence of amino acids are linked by hydrogen bonds. Forks an alpha helix or beta pleated sheet
teritary structure
The complex 3-dimensional structure of a single peptide chain; held in place by disulfide bonds between cysteines.
quaternary structure
2 or more polypeptides are sober together to make a large 3d structure. Results from 1,2,&3 structure
Nucleus
Bound together by a nuclear envelope, composed by a double phosolipid bilayer, holes called nuclear pores to transport in/out, nucleous which produces ribosomes, tells organelles what to do, contains genetic material and produces proteins
Ribosome
Synthesizes proteins. Mostly found on the rough E.R. but can also be in the cytoplasm.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
strides with ribosomes, synthesis proteins, and packages them to go to the golgi.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Makes lipids and has no ribosomes attached
Golgi apparatus
Centrally located, transports and receives through cys and trans side go check that proteins are made correctly
Lysosomes
Cleans the cell, kills virus, get rid of dead cells, breaks down food, has a low ph and is called the suicide sac
apoptosis
Sac Opens and release acid in lysosomes
Vacuole
Holds materials for the cell, in plant cells, it regulates water levels
Mitochondria
Uses carbs to make atp, larger organelles, and makes energy
chloraplast
green, chlorophyll-containing, plant-cell organelle that uses light energy to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water. ATP
Peroxisomes
Found in liver and kidney, breaks down hydrogen peroxide
Cilia
Move cells or allow cells to propel substances, thin string line structures that move the cell, found in respiratory
Flagella
Systems of animals and beat to remove mucas, also moves cells
Microfilament
Protein filaments in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that form part of the cytoskeleton, made of polymers of actin, but modify when interacting with other proteins, double stranded helix polymers
Microtubual
Polymers of turbulence that form part of the cytoskeleton and provide structure and shape to the eukaryotic cells.
Endocytosis
Cellular uptake of molecules or particles via formation of new vesicles from the plasma membrane.
Exocytosis
Cellular process in which the contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole membrane with the cell membrane
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