inspirationRibs go outInspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)3100 mLolfactory receptorsMost superior of nasal cavityOxyhemoglobinHemoglobin combined with oxygenparanasal sinusesair cavities within the cranial bones that open into the nasal cavitiesphrenic nerveCarries impulses to the diaphragm from the brain.Residual Volume (RV)1200 mLRespiratory rate alterations with ageYounger and older people breathe faster.SurfactantType 2 cell producesTidal Volume (TV)500 mLTracheaC shape bones and paliableventral respiratory group (VRG)Basic breathing rhythmvital capacity4800 mLAldosteronepromotes water retention, which promotes a higher blood volume and pressureanterior pituitary glandPortal system, blood and heart hormonesCalcitoninThyroid, adds calcium to bonecyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)Helps reaction inside cell, steroidalFollicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)stimulates production of ova and sperm. Anterior pituitary glandGlucagonRaises blood glucose. Alpha cells of pancreatic isletsGrowth Hormone (GH)regulates the growth of the bodyHormonesChemical messengersHypothalamusAble to impact every cell in body, superior pituitary glandInsulinBeta islet cells, lower glucoseluteinizing hormone (LH)Progesterone/testosterone, anterior pituitary glandMelatoninA hormone manufactured by the pineal gland that produces sleepiness.nonsteroid hormonesCannot pass phospholipid bilayersOxytocin (OT)Increases the contractions of the uterus during birth and promotes the release of breast milk, posterior pituitary glandpineal glandsecretes melatoninposterior pituitary glandthe posterior part of the pituitary gland; an endocrine gland whose cell bodies lie within the hypothalamusProstaglandinslocal hormonesprotein hormonesclass of hormones that cannot pass through the cell membrane; non steroidalsteroid hormonesClass of hormones that can pass through cell membrane, Steroidal hormonestarget cellscells that have receptors for a particular hormoneThyroxineAlso called thryoid hormone, BMRThymosinT cells in thymusThymusShrinks with age, "atrophy"
