6th Grade Science- Topic 1

Term
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Cells
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Terms in this set (45)
Cells
The basic unit of structure and function in all living things
Unicellular
one cell
Multicellular
many cells
Most common chemical in cells
Water
Characteristics of living things-
cellular organization, chemicals of life, energy use, response to surroundings, growth and development, reproduction
Stimulus
Any change or signal in the environment
asexual reproduction
1 parent, identical offspring
sexual reproduction
2 parents, combine DNA for a mix of characteristics
Needs of living things-
Water, food, living space, and stable conditions
Autotrophs
organisms that produce energy from the sun (self feeders)
Heterotrophsorganisms that get energy by eating othersHomeostasisstable internal conditionsLinnean Naming SystemLinnaeus organized life according to similar observable featuresTaxonomyThe study of how organisms are classifiedArchaeatype of bacteria, no nucleus, singe celledBacteriano nucleus, single celled, but different structures than ArchaeaEukaryahave nuclei containing DNA (protista, fungi, plant, animal)Dear King Phillip Came Over For Good SpaghettiDomain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Speciesbinomial nomenclaturetwo part naming system that includes genus and speciesEvolutionthe process of change over timenatural selectionA natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment.convergent evolutionunrelated organisms form similar structuresmicroorganismsmost organisms we are surrounded by, too small to see, need a microscope, vital for survival of plants and animalsVirusestiny, non living particles that enter and reproduce inside a living cell. Do not use food for energy or growth, nor do they respond to environmentVaccinesa weakened or killed virus but can still trigger body to produce chemicals that destroy pathogensInfectious Bacteriaa disease causing bacteria that give off toxins and make you sick- <1%Bacteria cell structuresShape helps ID type of bacteria (ball, rod, or spiral) Single celled, no nucleusEndosporea thick-walled shell formed to protect when there are non-ideal living conditionsProtistsDomain Eukarya, cannot be classified as an animal, plant, or fungus, live in moist environment, most are parasitesFungilargest organism, act as decomposers, consume dead organismsFungal Reproductionreproduce through fruiting bodies, produce spores that are carried by wind and water, mostly reproduce asexuallyRoles of fungibreak down dead organisms, return nutrients back to an ecosystem, sometimes can make us sickParts of land plantroots, stem, leavesPhotosynthesisleaves capture light and help make energyPlant stemsconnect roots to leaves, provides structureRootsabsorb water and nutrients from the ground, provide anchorVascular plantshave vascular tissues (groups of similar cells that perform similar functions) that help transport water and foodTwo types of vascular tissuephloem- allows things to move from leaves to other parts of the plant ("flows" down) xylem- water and minerals from roots travel to other parts of the plantNonvascular plants(example: moss) low growing because they do not have the structures to transport materials. They obtain water and minerals from surroundings (no roots)Organsbody structures composed of different types of tissue that work together to perform a specific functionInvertabratesno backbone, but do have structures that support their bodiesVertebrateshave 1) a notochord (flexible rod that supports back and nerve cord), 2) nerve cord (connects brain to nerves), and 3) throat pouches (most disappear or become gills)Ectotherman animal whose body temperature varies with the temperature of its surroundings (external heat)EndothermAn animal whose body controls and regulates its temperature by controlling the internal heat it producesAdaptations for movementwings, fins, tube feet, muscular foot, jet propulsion