Parenting and Child Development Test Review

Physical Development
Click the card to flip 👆
1 / 40
Terms in this set (40)
Physical Development
Growth of the body
strength and coordination of muscles
motor skills
Intellectual Development
the mind & brain
learning & problem-solving
school concepts
creative thinking skills
Emotional Development
Identifying and expressing feelings
Understanding others feelings
Developing a positive self-concept
Social
Getting along with & interacting with others
Morals
values, beliefs and attitudes about right and wrong
Development proceeds at an individual rate
While all children pass through the same stages of development, each child goes through these stages at his or her own pace.
Development is continuous throughout life
The rate of development varies, no matter what the pace is development does not stop.
Development is similar for each individual
Children go through the same stages in about the same order all babies lift their heads before they lift their bodies.
The different areas of development are interrelated
Though research tends to focus on one area at a time charges occur in many areas at the same time.
Development builds upon earlier learning
Development follows a sequence, the skills learned at one stage build on these mastered earlier.
Gross/Large motor skillsmovement and control of large muscles (back, legs, shoulders, and arms)Fine/Small motor skillsmovement and control of small body parts (hands, fingers)Hand/Eye Coordinationthe ability of the eyes and hand/arm muscles to work together to make complex movementsHeredityPhysically inherited from past generations.EnvironmentPeople, places, and things that surround you.About 3 out of every 100 children born in the U.S.have a birth defectEnvironmental Factors that influence PregnancyThe nutritional balance of the mother's diet Any diseases or infections the mother has during pregnancy Harmful substances the mother takes in, including alcohol, tobacco, and drugs.Hereditary Factors the influence PregnancySometimes, each parent passes on the same recessive defective gene. This may result in a birth defect.Error in Chromosome influence in pregnancyThe most common of this kind is Down syndrome.Cerebral Palsygeneral term for a variety of problems of the motor system. The symptoms can include lack of coordination, stiffness, jerkiness, difficulty with speech and paralysis.Cleft LipA gap in the upper lip or palate (the roof of the mouth) causes problems with eating, swallowing, speech and appearance.Down SyndromeA group of problems that may include, among other conditions, mental retardation; problems of the heart, blood, and digestive system; and poor muscle tone. It is caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21.Spina BifidaAn incompletely formed spinal cord may lead to stiff joints, difficulty moving the legs, partial paralysis, and problems with the kidneys and urinary tract.Muscular Dystrophya progressive weakness and shrinking of the muscles. The most common form begins between the ages of two and six.sickle cell anemiaMalformed red blood cells interfere with the supply of oxygen to all parts of the body. The symptoms include tiredness, lack of appetite, and pain. Can lead to early death.Amniocentesisis the process of withdrawing a sample of amniotic fluid surrounding an unborn baby and testing that fluid for indications of specific birth defects or other health problems.UltrasoundUses sound waves to make a video image of a unborn baby to check for specific health problems.Genetic Counselingbegins by obtaining a complete family medical history from the couple. This includes information relating to diseases and causes of death of all their close relatives. Sometimes there is a complete physical examination of the couple, including blood tests.Chorionic Villi samplingtest for specific birth defects by sampling small amounts of the tissue from the membrane that encases the fetus.UterusFemale organ of reproduction used to house the developing fetus.CervixThe opening to the uterusembryothe developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the second monthFetusthe developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birthPlacentaA structure that allows an embryo to be nourished with the mother's blood supplyumbilical corda tube containing the blood vessels connecting the fetus and placentaAmniotic Fluidfluid within the amniotic sac that surrounds and protects the fetusmiscarriageThe death of an embryo or fetus in the first 20 weeks of pregnancyStillbirthLoss of fetus after 20 weeks of pregnancy. Born "sleeping"How many trimesters are in a pregnancy?3 trimestersApproximately how many weeks are in a pregnancy?40 weeks