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Paul Thompson Jazz Appreciation Midterm

Terms in this set (52)

Some object that Ragtime is not truly jazz because:
a. It is for piano
b. There is no improvisation
c. there is little syncopation
d. all of the preceding
D
WHo was Benny Goodman's charismatic drummer?
Gene Krupa
Louis Armstrong made headlines in 1957 when he excoriated the indecisiveness of the then President over Civil Rights. Which President?
Eisenhower
The Sinatra song "Strangers in the Night" which we heard in class is a good example of which of the following?
a. Blues
b. 32 Bar Song Form
c. Call and Response
d. Polymeter
B
Spirituals exhibit two distinctly African, non-Western musical traits. One is "Call-and-response". What is the other?
Work songs
One of the forerunners of Ragtime was a peculiar and popular dance that had originated in Blackface Minstrelsy. Characterized by the syncopated short-long-short rhythm, what was its name?
Cakewalk
Jazz singers often place pitches between the regular pitches found on a keyboard. They are then singing what?
Microtones
African music is dominated by the phenomenon af Polymeter. This is best described as what?
Music that unfolds 2 meters simultaneously.
Which of the following best represents the most commonly encountered groupings of beats (i.e. Meter) in the Western musical tradition?
a. 2,3,4
b. 1,3,4
c. 1,3,5
d. 1,2,4
A
Where was Bix Biederbecke born?
Davenport, Iowa
Dave Brubeck became famous for employing irregular meters in his compositions (such as 5 in "Take Five"). In class we heard "Unsquare Dance". WHich meter does he use in "Unsquare Dance"?
7/4
Which High School did Goodman pianist Jess Stacy attend?
Cape Girardeau High School
Name Scott Joplin's first hit and widely-published Rag - the piece that made his name.
Maple Leaf Rag
Louis Armstrong's opening solo in "West End Blues" is remarkable for what reasons?
1. Showed his skills
2. Laid groundwork for Jazz Soloists
3. Introduced Earl Hines as a pianist
We saw Louis in a cameo appearance in a big budget Hollywood musical from the 60s. Which?
Hello Dolly!
When were Spirituals first published?
1860s
In the Blues the syllables of each line tend often to be concluded considerably before the harmonic progression beneath- leaving a gap. Frequently one or more instrumentalists will play spontaneously to fill this gap. What is the term for this?
Break
Where was Bessie Smith born?
Chattanooga, TN
In 1922 Louis Armstrong's mentor, King Oliver, provided him with his first big break by inviting him to Chicago to play with Oliver's band. This band was the:
Creole Jazz Band
Which of the following bands from the 20s did Bix Beiderbecke NOT play with
a. The Wolverines
b. Frankie Trumbauer
c. King Oliver
d. Paul Whiteman
C
Seventh, Ninth, and Eleventh chords are best described as what kind of Harmony?
Extended Harmony
Louis Armstrong's legendary recordings with the Hot Five and Hot Seven were made between what years?
1925-1929
Players spontaneously making up their music on the spur of the moment is an essential feature of Jazz. What is the term for this?
improvisation
Call and response in African Music led directly to:
a. Turnarounds
b. Trading Fours
c. Blues
d. Scat Singing
B
Supply two of Louis' several nicknames
Satch, Dipper
What role did the Karnoffsky family play in Louis' life?
They gave him his first Cornet
WHy was Louis' second wife, LIlian Hardin, so crucial to his career?
She was his manager
Which famous american was present at Bessie's first, inauspicious recording session?
Thomas Edison
How did Bessie Smith die?
car accident
The "Ray" was associated with Benny Goodman. What was it?
A glare he would give the members of his band for not recording perfectly
In january 1938 Goodman made history by presenting Jazz in which revered Classical music location?
Carnegie Hall
Wxplain how Goodman's later career represents a musical crossover.
He switched from playing Jazz Clarinet to Classical Clarinet
Peg Meyer's Melody Kings were a hot 20s Dixieland Band based where?
Cape Girardeau
Song Form. What is the term that describes the "B" section in traditional AABA 32-bar song form?
Bridge
Briefly define the term SYncopation
Weakening strong beats and strengthening weak ones
Explain how the verse/words of a Blues stanza are organized
They are in 12-bars, AAB
What is the connection between Shakespeare and the Blues?
Both use Iambic Pentameter
Give Roman numerals for the three basic chords that underpin the Blues.
I, IV, V
What does dissonance mean? What effect does it have?
The tension brought to music from the chords
In classical music harmony is defined as a progression of chords. What term, synonymous with "Chords", is used in Jazz?
Changes
Using solfege symbales (d,r,m, etc.) outline how the Blues scale may be viewed as a fusion of the traditional major and minor scale
D,R,M/Maw,F,S,L/Law,T/Taw,D
Song writers frequently depart from the standard 32 Bar format in popular songs "All or Nothing at All" recorded by Frank Sinatra in the 1960s is an example, How was the standard format varied in this instance
64 bar form
Popular song form is often represented as AABA but this formula does not tell the whole story. What two elements- occuring at the very end and beginning - are missing?
Intro and outro.
Harmony. Of the two basic chords in Western Music, the Major and the Minor, which sounds happy and which sad?
Major-Happy
Minor-Sad
Describe what the contrasting roles of left and right hand are in Ragtime piano
left- plays chords on beat
right- syncopates
Describe the two contrasting functions of a Jazz Band in a New Orleans funeral.
Starts spiritual, ends peppy.
Identify the earlier, mellower member of the trumpet family that 20s Jazzers favored.
Cornet
Describe how Bix Beiderbecke's sound and style differs from that of Louis Armstrong
BIx- Cool
Louis- Hot
WHy did arrangements come into fashion during the swing era
Bigger Bands, less improvisation
During the twenties a tuba was sometimes employed on recordings to supply a powerful bass line. What instrument took its place during the swing era?
String Bass
Similarly, the banjo disappeared from the Jazz scene in the thirties. What instrument replaced it?
Guitar
Identify the THREE sections comprising a Big Band, listing the individual instruments you would expect to find in each section.
Bass- Trumpets and Trombones
Rhythm- Guitar, Piano, Drums
Reeds- Saxophone: Alto, Tenor, Bass
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