Chapter 4: Light and Color

Transparent material
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Terms in this set (42)
Transparent material
a material that transmits most of the light that strikes it
Image: Transparent material
Translucent material
a material that scatters light as it passes through
Image: Translucent material
opaque material
a material that reflects or absorbs all of the light that strike it
Image: opaque material
Primary colors
three colors that can combine to make any other color
red, yellow, blue
Image: Primary colors
Secondary colors
Two primary colors combined in equal amounts.
Complementary Colors
any two colors that combine to form white light
Pigment
A colored substance used to color other materials
Ray
a straight line used to represent a light wave
Regular Reflection
when parallel rays of light hit a smooth surface
Diffuse Reflection
When parallel rays of light hit a bumpy or uneven surface
Plane mirroris a flat sheet of glass that has a smooth, silver-colored coating on one sideImageis a copy of an object formed by reflected or refracted rays of lightVirtual Imagean upright image that forms where light seems to come fromConcave mirrora mirror with a surface that curves inward to light the inside of the bowlFocal pointthe point at which rays parallel to the optical axis reflect and meetOptical axisis an imaginary line that divides a mirror in halfReal ImageAn upside-down image formed where rays of light meetConvex MirrorA mirror with a surface that curves outwardIndex of refractiona measure of the amount a ray of light bends when it passes from one medium to anotherMirageAn image of a distant object caused by refraction of light as it travels through air of varying temperatureConcave Lensa lens that is thinner in the center than at the edgesLensis a curved piece of glass or other transparent material that is used to refract lightConvex Lensa lens that is thicker in the center than at the edgesNearsightedcan see nearby things clearly, but objects at a distance are blurredCorneaThe transparent front surface of the eyePupilis an opening through which light enters the inside of the eyeIrisis a ring of muscle that contracts and expands to change the size of the pupil it gives the eye its colorsretinais a layer of cells that lines the inside of the eyeballRodsare cells that contain a pigment that responds to small amounts of lightConesare cells that respond to coloroptic nerveShort, thick nerve that carries signals from the eye to the brain.Refracting TelescopeTelescope that uses two convex lenses to form imagestelescopeforms enlarged images of distant objects they use lenses or mirrors to collect and focus light from distant objectsreflecting telescopea telescope that uses a curved mirror to gather and focus light from distant objectsobjectivegathers the light coming from an object and focuses the rays to form a real imageeyepiecemagnifies the imagemicroscopeAn optical instrument that forms enlarged images of tiny objectstotal internal reflectionthe complete reflection of light by the inside surface of a mediumCamerauses one or more lenses to focus light and film to record an imagelaseris a device that produces a narrow beam of coherent lighthologramis a three-dimensional photograph created by using light from a laserOptical fibersare long, thin strands of glass or plastic that can carry light for long distances without allowing the light to escape