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Exam 2 CGS 2100

Terms in this set (72)

When you reboot your system, the computer follows start-up instructions stored in this type of memory.
Flash
The ALU tells the rest of the computer system how to carry out a program's instructions.
false
Read-only memory (ROM) chips have information stored in them by the manufacturer.
true
ASCII supports languages such as Chinese and Japanese.
false
Most personal computers allow users to expand their systems by providing these on the system board.
Expansion slots
RAM is considered temporary, or volatile, storage.
true
Which of the following is a function of the control unit?
It directs the movement of electronic signals between memory and the arithmetic-logic unit.
________ operations consist of making comparisons.
logical
With these systems, input and output devices are located outside the system unit.
Desktop Systems
Computers require direct current (DC) to power their electronic components and to represent data and instructions.
True
A bus is a pathway for bits representing data and instructions.
True
Which of the following is not a character encoding standard?
CISC
In most personal computer systems, the CPU is contained on a single chip called the ________.
Microprocessor
Most desktop and laptop computers come with a standard set of ports for connecting ________, such as a monitor and keyboard.
Peripherals
The ________, also known as the system chassis, is a container that houses most of the electronic components that make up a computer system.
System Unit
Printers connected to the Internet that provide printing services to others on the Internet are called ________.
Cloud Printers
Shared laser printers typically support color, are more expensive, and are used by a group of people.
True
________ printers are printers connected to the Internet that provide printing services to others on the Internet.
Cloud
The most widely used input devices are monitors, printers, and keyboards.
False
OMR, OCR, and MICR are all types of ________.
character and mark recognition devices
Resolution for a printer is a measure of the clarity of images produced, measured in dpi (dots per inch).
true
Supermarkets use ________ to scan codes printed on product containers.
bar code readers
A keyboard key, like Caps Lock, that turns a feature on or off is called a ________ key.
toggle
Robots use cameras, microphones, and other sensors as inputs; outputs can be as complex as exploring damaged nuclear reactors to as simple as taking a photo.
true
________ indicates a monitor's ability to display colors by comparing the light intensity of the brightest white to the darkest black.
Contrast ratio
Cloud printers provide printing services to users without access to the Internet.
False
An MICR device senses the presence or absence of a mark, such as a pencil mark.
False
________ indicates the proportional relationship between a display's width and height.
Aspect Ratio
Which of the following have sensors that collect data about your hand movements?
VR Controllers
________ are used primarily on cell phones and tablets.
Virtual Keyboards
Based on the macOS, Android is designed for Apple's iPhone and iPad.
False
Most ________ are accompanied by several common utility programs, including a search program, a storage management program, and a backup program.
Operating Systems
Troubleshooting or ________ programs recognize and correct problems.
Diagnostic
The category of operating system used for handheld devices.
Embedded
In a virtualized environment, the operating system of each virtual machine is known as the ________ operating system.
Guest
In a network environment, the network server computer coordinates all communications between the other computers.
True
Utility suites come with one program only.
False
All major operating systems offer ________ utilities to save a copy of your device's data.
Backup
Cell phone operating systems are a type of ________ operating system.
Real-Time
The most widely used personal computer operating system.
Windows
________ programs provide a quick and easy way to search or examine an entire computer system to help you find specific applications, data, or other files.
Search
When a single physical computer runs a special program known as virtualization software, it operates as though it were two or more separate and independent computers, known as virtual machines.
True
A(n) ________ converts the programming instructions written by programmers into a language that the computer understands and processes.
Language Translator
A standard desktop computer comes with an embedded operating system.
False
Starting or restarting a computer is called tasking the system.
False
What are software program types?
application, system, programming, and driver
Application software
carries out one specific task on a computer. This software has common usage even among those with a basic understanding of computers.
System Software
software responsible for the general operation of a computer system, including the operation of hardware, running application software, and file management
Programming Software
A classification for software which is designed to help programmers write programs more effectively and efficiently
Driver Software
enables the communication between the operating system and a hardware device.
Dialog Boxes are
is a graphical control element in the form of a small window that communicates information to the user and prompts them for a response.
host operating system
runs one or more operating systems as applications
UNIX operating system
Servers on the Web
Mainframe computers
Personal Computers
control unit
Component of a processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer.
Virtual Memory
a portion of a storage medium functioning as additional RAM
flash memory
is an electronic non-volatile computer memory storage medium that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed
Pathways that support communication among the various electronic components on the system board are called
bus lines
_________ produces images that reflect light like ordinary paper, making the display easy to read.
E-ink
A(n) ________ is any injury that is caused by fast, repetitive work that can generate neck, wrist, hand, and arm pain.
RSI (repetitive strain injury)
________ combine(s) the capabilities of a scanner, printer, fax, and copy machine.
Multifunctional devices
3D printers, also known as ________, create three-dimensional shapes by adding very thin layer after layer of material until the final shape is fully formed.
additive manufacturing
Plotters
are special-purpose printers that use output from graphics tablets or other graphical input devices that are typically found in architectural and engineering environments.
Thermal
printers are widely used with ATMs.
Laser printers
printers use a technology similar to that used in a photocopying machine.
digital whiteboards
connect to computers and project computer output and can control the computer with the use of a special pen.
webcam
are specialized digital video cameras that capture images and send them to a computer for broadcast over the Internet.
Optical Mark Recognition (OMR)
recognition is often used to score standardized multiple-choice tests.
RFID
tags are tiny chips that can be embedded into almost anything and contain information used to track and locate lost pets; to monitor production and update inventory; to record prices, product descriptions, and locations of retail items.
Two categories of laser printers are ________.
personal and shared
What does the duplex feature of a printer do?
allows automatic printing on both sides of a sheet of paper
The most widely used audio-output devices are
speakers and headphones
________-input devices convert sounds into a form that can be processed by the system unit.
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