Political Socialization

Bill of rights
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Terms in this set (19)
Bill of rights
Although the Anti-Federalists failed to block the ratification of the Constitution, they did ensure that the Bill of Rights would be created to protect individuals from government interference and possible tyranny. The Bill of Rights, drafted by a group led by James Madison, consisted of the first ten amendments to the Constitution, which guaranteed the civil rights of American citizens.
14th amendment
1) Citizenship for African Americans, 2) Repeal of 3/5 Compromise, 3) Denial of former confederate officials from holding national or state office, 4) Repudiate (reject) confederate debts
Equal protection
14th amendment clause that prohibits states from denying equal protection under the law, and has been used to combat discrimination.
Litigation
A lawsuit.
Third parties
electoral contenders other than the two major parties. American third parties are not unusual, but they rarely win elections.
Front loading
The recent tendency of states to hold primaries early in the calendar in order to capitalize on media attention.
Marginal districts
Political districts in which candidates elected to the House of Representatives win in close elections, typically by less than 55 percent of the vote.
Rule of propinquity
closer to the president, people feel they have more power; EOP more important than cabinet members
Freedom of information act
1966 Act allowing citizens to inspect all government records with the exception of classified military or intelligence documents, trade secrets or private personnel files.
Elites
a group or class of persons enjoying superior intellectual or social or economic status
PollingThe place where the voters who live in a certain precinct go to voteActivistsindividuals, usually outside of government, who actively promote a political party, philosophy, or issue they care aboutCritical electionsAn electoral "earthquake" where new issues emerge, new coalitions replace old ones, and the majority party is often displaced by the minority party. Such periods are sometimes marked by a national crisis and may require more than one election to bring about a new party era.RealignmentA process in which a substantial group of voters switches party allegiance, producing a long-term change in the political landscape.Voting rights act of 19651965; invalidated the use of any test or device to deny the vote and authorized federal examiners to register voters in states that had disenfranchised blacks; as more blacks became politically active and elected black representatives, it rboguth jobs, contracts, and facilities and services for the black community, encouraging greater social equality and decreasing the wealth and education gapTurnoutThe proportion of the voting age public that votes, sometimes defined as the number of registered voters that vote.Single member districtAn electoral district in which voters choose one representative or official.Winner take alla system in which the candidate with the most district votes in a state gets all of the delegate votes from that stateBaker vs. carrThe Supreme Court ruling that all state districts must be equal in population., required that voting district needed to be reapportioned.