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IB HISTORY INDIA VOCAB QUIZ 1

Terms in this set (36)

Royal Charter
Royal document granting a specified group the right to form to voyage to an area on behalf of the crown in exchange for a trade monopoly.
Mughal Empire
Muslim state (1526-1857) exercising dominion over most of India in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
East India Company
The East India Company was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies. Formed government and a military
Battle of Plassey
Victory for the East India Company in Bengal. Led by Robert Clive this battle confirmed biritish supremacy in the region
Robert Clive
led the comapny's 3000 man army and became Benegal's governor
Sepoy Rebellion
The revolt of Indian soldiers in 1857 against certain practices that violated religious customs such as making soldiers come into contact with beef and pork grease; also known as the Sepoy Mutiny.
Government of India Act 1858
The Government of India Act of 1858 was an Act of the British parliament that transferred the government and territories of the East India Company to the British Crown. The company's rule over British territories in India came to an end and it was passed directly to the British government.
Viceroy
A governor or ruler exercising authority on behalf of a sovereign in a province or colony
Indian Civil Service
The elite professional class of officials who administered the government of British India. Originally composed exclusively of well-educated British men, it gradually added qualified Indians.
Princely States
Domains of Indian princes allied with the British Raj; agents of East India Company were stationed at the rulers courts to ensure compliance; made up over one-third of the British Indian Empire
Indian National Congress
Founded in 1885 as the first major nationalist movement to occur in India. Did not want self-government at first. Originally quite weak and full of tension . Later became the main leader in furthering india's independence.
Muslim League
an organization formed in 1906 to protect the interests of India's Muslims, which later proposed that India be divided into separate Muslim and Hindu nations
Dominion Status
a nation within the British Empire that controls its own domestic and foreign affairs, but is tied to Britain by allegiance to the British monarch
Bal Gangadhar Tilak
1856-1920; Indian nationalist who demanded immediate independence from Britain, mobilizing Hindu religious symbolism to develop a mass following and arguing that violence was an acceptable tactic for anticolonial partisans
Dadabhai Naoroji
Put forward the theory of "drain of wealth". The constant flow of wealth from india to England for which india did not get compensation or benefits.
Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Head of the Muslim League, and founder of Pakistan. He successfully demanded partition of India into Muslim and Hindu countries, an idea to which Gandhi was fundamentally opposed.
Swaraj
Gandhi's message to people of India about self-rule. Swaraj literally means "self rule"
Swadeshi
boycott of British goods to make the English make concessions for Indians. Furthered by boycotts of British policy
Drain of Wealth Theory
Claims that is colonialism had not happened, then Indian surpluses would have been invested into Indian growth instead of British
Partition of Bengal
In 1905 Viceroy Lord Curzon decided to divide the province of Bengal into two halves for administrative efficiency. He did not see that he was dividing West Bengal and East Bengal into Hindu-majority and Muslim-majority regions and thus angered locals because he was breaking them apart. This action was protested by all Indians because of its 'divide-and-rule tactic. Britain revoked the partition in 1911.
Morley-Minto Reforms
Provided educated Indians with considerably expanded opportunities to elect and serve on local and all-India legislative councils.
Lucknow Pact
(December 1916), agreement made by the Indian National Congress headed by Maratha leader Bal Gangadhar Tilak and the All-India Muslim League led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah; it was adopted by the Congress at its Lucknow session on December 29 and by the league on Dec. 31, 1916. The meeting at Lucknow marked the reunion of the moderate and radical wings of the Congress.
Defense of India Act
Intended to combat subversive activities in WW1. Many believed that by the end of the war the act would be repealed and india would receive more autonomy.
Rowlatt Acts
Laws passed in 1919 which essentially extended the repressive wartime measures. Allowd the Raj to intern indians suspected of crimes without trial.
Amritsar Massacre
Attack on a gathering of 10000 indians present at Jullianuala Bagh by Brigadier General Reginald Dyer. The people present were there to celebrate Baisakhi. Almost 400 died and 1200 injured. Sparked outrage across india leading to a greater sense of unity. Occured due to prior mob violence. Dyer resigned.
Jawaharlal Nehru
Indian statesman. He succeeded Mohandas K. Gandhi as leader of the Indian National Congress. He negotiated the end of British colonial rule in India and became India's first prime minister (1947-1964).
Government of India Act of 1935
the British retained control of the central administration and turned over provincial governments to Indians chosen by an expanded electorate.
Subhas Chandra Bose
Leader of Indian National Congress faction who believed violence in defense of Indian nationalism was justifiable; formed the Indian National Army in 1942 and allied with the Axis Powers. Didn't do much
Purna Swaraj Resolution
A declaration urging for India to fight for complete independence/self-rule from the British. The INC asked that January 26th be recognized as independence day.
Salt March
A non-violent campaign where Gandhi led a march over 240 miles to protest the British monopoly on salt in India. He made illegal salt and inspired many others to do the same.
Satyagraha
"Truth force," a term used by Gandhi to describe peaceful boycotts, strikes, noncooperation, and mass demonstrations to promote Indian independence. Ex: Salt March
padyatra
A journey taken by politicians or political leaders involving the close interaction with all aspects of society. Ex: Salt March
Khadi
an Indian homespun cotton cloth that was spun in a boycott against British cloth.
Irwin Declaration
The Irwin Declaration was a statement made by Lord Irwin, then Viceroy of India, on 31 October 1929 regarding the status of India in the British empire. It was intended to placate leaders of the Indian nationalist movement who had become increasingly vocal in demanding dominion status for India. However, the promise was empty, only further upsetting the indian leaders.
WWII
You know this. Connection: India was manipulated by Britain in WWII for manpower and resouces, increasing dissent.
Quit India Movement
mass civil disobedience campaign against the British rulers of India in 1942.
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