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PSYCH 101: Mod 11

Terms in this set (26)

Behavior Genetics
study of the relative power and limits of genetic/environmental influences on behavior
Environment
every nongenetic influence, from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us
Chromosome
threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes
DNA
(deoxyribonucleic acid)

a complex molecule containging the genetic info that makes up the chromosomes
Genes
the biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes; segments of DNA capable of synthesizing a protein
Genome
the complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in that organism's chromosomes
With what animal do we share 96% of our DNA?
Chimpanzees
Identical Twins
Twins who develop from a single (monozygotic) fertilized egg that splits in 2, creating 2 genetically identical organisms
Fraternal Twins
Twins who develop from separate (dizygotic) fertilized eggs. They are genetically no closer than brothers and sisters, but they share a fetal environment.
Do identical twins have the same genes?

Do they have the same number of copies of genes?
Yes

Not always
Shared genes can translate into shared ___________.

Example?
Experiences

A person whose identical twin has Alzheimer's has 60% risk of getting that disease.
Do separated twins have the same experiences?
In some aspects of their lives, but "the plural of anecdote is not data." Many of the similarities they found were coincidental experiences.
Genetic relatives
Biological parents and siblings
Environmental Relatives
Adoptive parents and siblings
Does environment impact personality?
NOPE (virtually no discernible impact)
Temperment
A person's characteristic reactivity and intensity (emotional excitability)
Molecular Genetics
the subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes

What is the promise of molecular genetics?
Heritability
the proportion of VARIATION (DIFFERENCES AMONG PPL) among individuals that we can attribute to genes. The heritability of a trait may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied.
Interaction
the interplay when 1 factor (environement) depends on another factor (heredity)
Epigenetics
the study of influences on gene expression that occur without a DNA change
Evolutionary Psychology
the study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection
Natural Selection
The principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to increased reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations
Mutations
Random error in gene replication that leads to a change
Are males or females more likely to initiate sexual activity?
Males
Gender
In psychology, the biologically and socially influenced characteristics by which people define male and female
Whole speel about men and women preferences
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