All ________________ contain carbonorganicall organic combines with _____________, _________________,___________________hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen_______________ contain the most carbon of all organic compoundsproteinsamino acids arebuilding blocks, defend diseasespeptide bonds:link amino acids together to constitute proteinsProtein synthesis(involves 22 different amino acids) metabolic production of proteinsRepair enzymes are responsible for1. mending damage to molecules
2. Can help cell recover from small amount of radiation.what is a primary source of energyglucoseLipids are present is allbody tissuefunction of lipids include:1. Long-term energy storage
2. Insulate the body (heat)
3. Support and protect organsTwo types of nucleic acidDNA and RNADNAcarrier of genetic informationRNAa messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteinsDNA: 2 long sugar phosphate chains are calledrailsDNA: The chains are linked by pairs of nitrogenous organic bases are calledstepspurines areadenine and guaninepyrimidines arecytosine and thymineAdenine will only pair withThyminecytosine will only pair withguanineDNA is the master chemical because....it contains everything the cell needs to functionUracila nitrogenous organic base found in RNA but not DNAmRNAcarries code from nucleus to cytoplasmtRNAtransports specific amino acids to ribosomes to form protein moleculesrRNAassist with protein synthesisChromosomes are made of _________________ and ________________protein and DNAnormal humans have ______________ different chromosomes46__________ in each somatic cell (non-reproductive)23Germ cells have only _____23Genes is thebasic units of hereditywhat are genes responsible forthe growth and development of the cellInorganic compounds ______________ contain carbonDO NOTacid attacks and dissovelsmetalsalts-electrolytes results fromthe action of an acid and a base on each otherWater is the primary __________________ substance in the human bodyinorganicfunctions of water include:1. Assists in maintaining core body temp
2. Lubrication for the digestive & skeletal system
3. Protects the brain and lungsplastic storage bag that encases and surrounds the cellcell membranehair like projections form the cell membrane that sweep materials across the cell surfacecilialong, usually single extensions of a cell that provide motility or movementflagellaextensions of a cell membrane that serve to increase surface areamicrovillibulk of the cellcytoplasmmetabolism:enables the cell to perform the vital functions of synthesizing proteins & produce energyanabolismresponsible to produce large molecules from small onescatabolismthe breakdown on organic materials to produce energyHighway of the cellendoplasmic reticulumfunctions of the ER1. Communicates with extracellular environment and transfers food across the cell
2. mRNA travels from the nucleus to different locations in the cytoplasm through the ERWhat hauls freight in and out of the cellGolgi apparatusGolgi apparatus:Unites large carbohydrate molecules and combines them with proteins to form glycoproteinGarbage bagslysosomesfunction of lysosomesdigest/break down food, waste, and broken partsmanufacturing facility of the cellribosomespurpose of ribosomesProtein factory - Manufactures (synthesize) various proteins that cells require by using blueprints provided by mRNA.weavers of the spindle of the cellcentrosomesCentrosomes play a significant role in the :formation of mitotic spindle fibers during cell division.Each daughter has __________ chromosomes _________ pairs46, 23somatic cellsbody cellsgerm cellsReproductive cells that give rise to sperm and ovumS phase is moreresistive (least radiosensitive)Most radiosensitive isG2 and Mitosis division phaseChromosomal damage by radiation can be evaluated during the _____ phase.metaphaseOrder of cell divisionG1-S-G2-Prophase-Metaphase-Anaphase-TelophaseMeiosis deal with _____________ cellsgerm (reproductive)
