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CJ exam 2 pt.1

Terms in this set (48)

prison sentences for two or more criminal acts, served one after the other

1. consecutive sentences
2. concurrent sentences
3. conclusive sentences
4. concomitant sentences
consecutive sentences
Which role is really the most powerful role in the criminal justice system and why?

1. prosecutors, since they have the ability to decide who is charged with a crime
2. defense attorneys, since they decide who to defend
3. police, since they decide who to arrest
4. judges, since they decide guilt or innocence
police, since they decide who to arrest
this is defined as a reasonable belief that a particular person has committed a specific crime

1. reasonable suspicion
2. probable cause
3. arrest
4. none of the above
probable cause
police stopping motorists to issue citations and aggressively arresting suspicious persons is an example of what type of policing?

1. proactive
2. neighborhood
3. reactive
4. community
proactive
in a jury selection, challenges for cause

1. are only made by the defense
2. are not required to be justified by the attorney requesting the challenge
3. deal with sound legal reasons for removing potential jurors
4. are ruled upon by the prosecuting attorney
deal with sound legal reasons for removing potential jurors
which of the following is not a criteria for waiving your Miranda rights?

1. waiver is voluntarily
2. waiver is knowing
3. waiver is intelligent
4. all of the above
all of the above
which of the following is not an element involved in community policing?

1. community based crime prevention
2. reorientation of patrol activities to emphasize nonemergency services
3. increased patrol accountability to the public
4. a decentralization of command
5. all of the above
all of the above are characteristics of community policing
what procedure is often used as an element to the grand jury?

1. the initial hearing
2. the arraignment
3. the preliminary hearing
4. the criminal trial
the initial hearing?
How many justices are on the Supreme Court?

1. 8
2. 9
3. 11
4. 13
9
Which state formed the first statewide police agency in 1835?

1. massachusettes
2. pennslyvania
3. texas
4. arizona
texas
how many states have supreme courts?

1. 20
2. 36
3. 39
4. 43
5. 50
50
this landmark case extended the right to appointed coupled for indigents in all felony cases

1. Marbury v. madison
2. Brady v. Maryland
3. Gideon v. wainwright
4. in re gault
5. baton v. kentucky
6. mcnabb v. us
Gideon v. wainwright
the _______ was created in 1326 under the watch system of policing to assist the shire reeve in controlling the county?
justice of the peace
which term describes the experience of black officers who must deal with the expecatation that they will show lenience to members of their own race, while at the same time experiencing overt racism from their police colleagues?

1. the black curtain
2. double marginality
3. ethnic role strain
4. toxic race relations
double marginality
this amendment to the US constitution guaranteed the right against self incrimination

1. fourth
2. fifth
3. sixth
4. eighth
5. fourteenth
fifth
When was the Metropolitan Police Act?

1. 1229
2. 1429
3. 1629
4. 1829
1829
Seeking to inhibit criminal behavior through fear of punishment best represents which goal of sentencing

1. incapitation
2. deterrence
3. restoration
4. retribution
5. rehabilitation
deterrence
This is the power to decide all felony cases from capital murder to theft and also to review the decisions from lower courts

1. general jurisdiction
2. limited jurisdiction
3. appellate jurisdiction
4. specific jurisdiction
general jurisdiction
attempting to make the victim whole again through the offenders sentence is a reflection of this goal of sentencing

1. incapitation
2. deterrence
3. restoration
4. retribution
5. rehabilitation
restoration
which of the following is not an issue normally considered when decided to grant bail?

1. seriousness of the crime
2. potential fight risk of the accused
3. age of the accused
4. victim impact statements
age of the accused
a police officer can be sued for

1. false arrest
2. malicious proscecution
3. assault and battery
4. all of the above
all of the above
This style of policing typically appears in lower or lower-middle class areas that have a lot of crime

1. watchman
2. legalistic
3. service
4. team
watchman
What created the US Supreme Court

1. 8th admendment
2. the judiciary act of 1789
3. the declaration of independence
4. the constitution
the constitution
these types of sentencing encourage rehab

1. determinate
2. indeterminate
indeterminate
what arrangement in early English society required that every person in a village be responsible for protecting the settlement from thieves

1. the runner system
2. community policing
3. the pledge system
4. the watch system
the pledge system
according to which model of policing believes that police need to aggressively target low level quality of life defense?

1. community-oriented policing
2. broken windows policing
3. procedural justice policing
4. rapid response
broken windows policing
Which are the trial courts of limited jurisdiction?

1. lower courts
2. appeallate courts
3. supreme courts
4. felony courts
5. all of the above
lower courts
according to the consent search rule, you can give up your right against unreasonable searches, but only if you do ________

1. before a court official
2. in writing
3. while under arrest
4. voluntarily
voluntarily
The defining event that helped shape police reforms in the 1990s was the:

1. creation of the international association of chiefs of police
2. creation of the law enforcement assistance administration
3. growth of the police unions
4. beating of Rodney king
beating of Rodney king
this landmark case states that deadly force can be used only when the suspect is thought to pose a significant threat of serious injury or death to the public of the officer

1. miranda v. arizona
2. Terry v. ohio
3. brown v. texas
4. mapp v. ohio
5. Tennessee v. garner
Tennessee v. Garner
An initial court appearance, at which the accused is read the charges, advised of his or her rights, and asked to enter a plea.

1. indictment
2. arraignment
3. complaint
4. grand jury hearing
arraignment
Historically, officers were allowed to use deadly force to prevent the escape of a suspected felon. This was known as the

1. deadly force statue
2. shoot to kill policy
3. escaping suspect doctrine
4. fleeing felon rule
fleeing felon rule all
which of the following is not an exception to the hearsay rule

1. a dying declaration
2. a spontaneous statement
3. a 911 tape after a victim has died
4. all of the above are exceptions to the hearsay rule
all of the above are exceptions to the hearsay rule
this admendmant to the US constitution guaranteed the right to an attorney

1. fourth
2. fifth
3. sixth
4. eighth
5. fourteenth
sixth
A grand jury has all of the following characteristics and duties except that

1. determines if an accused individual should be held over for an actual trial
2. meets in a secret, with no opportunity for the accused to cross examine witnesses
3. may initiate prosecution independent of the prosecutor
4. delivers a verdict of guilty of not guilty
5. all of the above
delivers a verdict of guilty of not guilty
this supreme court case held that officers may not stop and question an unwilling citizen whom they don't suspect of breaking the law

1. miranda v. arizona
2, Terry v. ohio
3. brown v. texas
4. mapp v. ohio
5. tenesse v. garner
brown v. texas
which of the following is false regarding beliefs underlying community policing?

1. community relations and crime control effectiveness
2. officers should return to a style of policing that involves contact
3. patrol by car is an essential tool of community policing
4. community policing has been a response to officer frustration with lack of community support
. patrol by car is an essential tool of community policing
education, training, and counseling are reflections of

1. incapitation
2. deterrence
3. restoration
4. retribution
5. rehabilitation
rehabilitation
all information that is material and favorable to the accused defendant because it casts doubt on the defendants guilt or on the evidence the government intends to use as trial in called

1. exculpatory evidence
2. fruit of the poisonous tree
3. innocuous evidence
4. explanatory evidence
exculpatory evidence
This was established by Weeks v. US and expresses that illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in trial. It acts as a CONTROL over police behavior

1. good faith exception
2. plain view doctrine
3. search and seize rule
4. exclusionary rule
5. none
exclusionary rule
this landmark extended the answer to the previous question to the states and said that the 14th amendment applies to local police, not just federal officers

1. miranda v. arizona
2. Terry v. ohio
3. brown v. texas
4. mapp v. Ohio
5. Tennessee v. garner
Mapp v. Ohio
This is a very popular sentencing goal in the US as reflected through the continuation of a more punitive system

1. incapacitation
2. deterrence
3. restoration
4. retribution
5. rehabilitation
incapacitation
The grand jury originally was created as a check against the:

1. defense attorney
2. prosceution
3. judge
4. magistrate
prosecution
who was responsible for starting the worlds first modern police force

1. wild bill hickock
2. Henry fielding
3. Richard mayne
4. sir Robert peel
sir robbery peel
which of the following is FALSE regarding to plea bargaining

1. pleas must be made voluntarily and without pressure
2. defendants must keep their side of the bargain to receive the promised officer of lerriency
3. accepting a guilty plea from a defendant who maintains his or her innocence is valid
4. defendants waive their right to counsel once the plea bargain is reached
defendants waive their right to counsel once the plea bargain is reached
This landmark case formally established the court's power of judicial review

1. Marbury v. madison
2. Brady v. maryland
3. Gideon v. wainwright
4. in re gault
5. baton v. kentucky
6. mcnabb v. US
Marbury v. Madison
The advantage of a nolo contendere plea over a guilty plea is that

1. usually results in a lighter sentence for the offender
2. protects the accused in the event of a subsequent civil suit
3. limits the judge sentencing alternatives
4. allows the defendants to use a legal loophole to avoid responsibility
5. none of the above
protects the accused in the event of a subsequent civil suit
which state completely abolished the practice of plea bargaining in 1975?

1. west virginia
2. south carolina
3. washington
4. Alaska
Alaska
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