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unit 4 patho

Terms in this set (55)

Which of the following are causes of enlarged kidneys?

Polycystic renal disease

Calcium deposits within the renal parenchyma are termed:

nephrocalcinosis.

Which imaging modality is the safest and most accurate in detecting renal calculi?

Noncontrast helical CT

What is the most common abdominal neoplasm of infancy and childhood?

Blockage above the level of the bladder causes dilatation of the renal pelvicalyceal system, which is called:

hydronephrosis.

The medical term that means to void or empty the bladder of urine is:

The most common renal neoplasm is a:

radiographic finding-Pronounced distortion and displacement of the pelvicalyceal system

Wilms Tumor (Nephroblastoma)

radiographic finding- One or more polypoid defects arising from the bladder wall or as focal bladder wall thickening

Bladder carcinoma

radiographic finding- Localized bulging or generalized renal enlargement and elongation of adjacent calyces

Renal Cell Carcinoma

radiographic finding- Displaced kidney laterally and downward

radiographic finding- Enlarged kidneys with mottled presence of multiple lucent lesions

Polycystic kidney disease

radiographic finding- Beak Sign

Blockage above the level of the bladder causes unilateral dilatation of the ureter and renal pelvicalyceal system.

A miniature replica of a kidney is termed:

hypoplastic kidney.

A rare anomaly in which a kidney fails to develop is called:

unilateral renal agenesis.

What is an ectopic kidney?

A kidney that is not located in the normal location

When the kidneys are fused at their lower poles, they are termed a(n):

horseshoe kidney.

A cystic dilatation of the distal ureter near its insertion into the urinary bladder is called a:

Which type of severe infection occurs almost exclusively in diabetic patients and causes acute necrosis of the entire kidney?

Emphysematous pyelonephritis

What is the most common hospital-acquired infection?

What term is used to describe an abnormally positioned kidney?

Which urinary disease occurs almost exclusively in males and is defined as a thin transverse membrane that causes bladder outlet obstruction and may lead to severe hydronephrosis, hydroureter, and renal damage?

Posterior urethral valves

Inflammation of the urinary bladder

Ectopic kidney describes when a kidney fails to develop.

Chronic cystitis is evidenced radiographically by a decrease in bladder size and wall irregularity.

Iron deficiency anemia usually results from:

chronic blood loss.

Which type of hemolytic anemia occurs preponderantly in persons of Italian, Greek, or Sicilian descent?

Which form of hemolytic anemia causes the most severe radiographic changes?

Aplastic anemia results from:

failure of bone marrow to function.

A neoplastic proliferation of white blood cells is termed:

An inherited anomaly in blood coagulation that appears clinically only in males is termed:

Thalassemia cause

Hemolytic anemia

Neoplastic proliferation of white blood cells

Which imaging modality has become the primary modality for imaging of both the male and female reproductive systems?

Which of the following are radiographic imaging procedures of the female reproductive system that are commonly performed today?

Mammography and Hysterosalpingography

A _____ is characteristic of the primary stage of syphilis.

chancre on the genitals

Which stage of syphilis is incurable?

Which of the following body systems may be affected by the tertiary stage of syphilis?

Skeletal, cardiovascular and CNS

Which stage of syphilis produces radiographic evidence of this disease?

Which of the following is a serious complication of gonorrhea in females?

Fibrous scarring of fallopian tubes

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) can be demonstrated via:

ultrasound (US) or CT.

Which of the following is the second most common malignancy in men?

Carcinoma of the prostate

Transrectal ultrasound is the preferred imaging modality for detection of:

carcinoma of the prostate.

Which imaging modality is the most effective screening technique for skeletal metastasis of prostate carcinoma?

Nuclear medicine

Cryptorchidism is associated with increased risk of malignancy in the affected testis.

What is a common cause of an inability to empty the urinary bladder in males?

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

Which of the following is used to diagnose cervical cancer?

A painful condition in which endometrial tissue grows outside of the uterus is termed:

Which of the following most commonly occurs in postmenopausal women?

Endometrial carcinoma

Which of the following are causes of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in women?

Venereal disease, complication of intrauterine devices, multiple sexual partners

The preferred imaging modality for demonstration of testicular torsion depends upon:

age of patient.

The twisting of the gonad on its pedicle is known as:

testicular torsion.

What condition is associated with cryptorchidism?

What is cryptorchidism?

The condition of an ectopic or undescended testis

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