Characterized by profound disturbance in reality, associated with hallucinations, flashbacks, panic attacks, delirium, mood/anxiety
paranoia, impaired judgment, intense perceptions, depersonalization, derealization, "hearing colors or seeing sound" Solvents for glues, propellants, thinners, fuels
disinhibition and euphoria, high doses may cause fearfulness, illusions, and A/V hallucinations. Can lead to nausea, nystagmus, depressed reflexes and diplopia. Delirium, dementia, psychosis. Permanent brain damage, hearing loss, nose bleeds, loss of smell, slurred speech, suffocation/sudden death, suffocation/sudden death, irregular HR, Heart Attack, N/V, Liver Damage, Kidney Damage, Muscle Weakness and cramping, abdomnial pain, involuntary passing of urine and feces, bone marrow depression. Reduced Motivation, Paranoia and Anxiety, Sleepy eye, dry mouth, throat cancer, lung cancer/disease, increased HR, increased appetite, increases BP, weakens immune system, in men decreases sex drive and sperm count, in women irregular menstrual cycles and birth defects. Brain damage, addiction and stroke, blurred vision, nose damage and deformity, sore throat, SOB, Resp. Failure, Heart Attack, Irregular HR, Loss of appetite, liver disease, liver cancer, Nausea, Diarrhea, Cramps, HTN, irregular menstrual cycles, decrease in sperm count and sex drive Brain damage, addiction, severe anxiety, paranoia, depression, blurred vision, teeth clenching, sweating, chills, fainting, lung failure, Increases HR, HTN, Risk of HF, Liver damage, Loss of appetite, vomiting, kidney damage, increases body temp, heat stroke, nausea, and muscle tension. Use COWS scale in hospital to monitor - Assesses pulse, sweating, restlessness, pupil size, bone or joint aches, runny nose/tearing, GI upset, Tremors, Yawning, Anxiety or Irritability, Skin. peripheral neuropathy, alcoholic myopathy, alcoholic cardiomyopathy, esophagitis, gastritis, pancreatitis, alcohol hepatitis, cirrhosis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, cancer - Always due to underlying physiological causes that are usually multifactorial and involve a dynamic interplay of factors.
(i.e. severity of disease, older age, cognitive impairment, polypharmacy, ICUs, fractures, surgery, stroke, aphasia, vision issues, restraints)
This is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention to prevent irreversible and serious damage. - Increased morbidity and mortality, may have long-term consequences. Since his wife's death 2 months earlier, Aaron, 90 years of age and in good health, has begun to pay less attention to his hygiene and seems less alert to his surroundings. He complains of difficulty concentrating, disrupted sleep, and lacks energy. His family has to remind and encourage him to shower, take his medications, and eat, all of which he then does. Which of the following responses would be most appropriate?
a. Reorient Mr. Smith by pointing out the day and date each time you have occasion to interact with him.
b. Meet with the family and support them to accept, anticipate, and prepare for the progression of his stage 2 dementia.
c. Avoid touch and proximity. These are likely to be uncomfortable for Mr. Smith and may provoke aggression when he is disoriented.
d. Arrange for an appointment with a mental health professional for the evaluation and treatment of suspected major depressive disorder.