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sociology Chapter 2

Terms in this set (30)

Artefacts
symbolic cultural meaning for members of a society examples- Flags, Dress, Monuments, Music, Sports, Cuisine
high culture
Educated elite and upper class• Particular cultural products with greater aesthetic value
folk culture
Martin Holborn "the culture of ordinary people, particular pre-industrial societies"
values
Widely accepted belief that something is worthwhile and desirable
norms
Rules of behavior that relate to a social situation and govern all aspects of everyday human situations
Jean Piaget
identified 4 stages of childhood socialization
1. sensorimotor= 0-2
2. pre-operational= 2-7
3. concrete operational= 7-13
4. formal operational-beings at puberty
SOCIALIZATION IS MOST EFFECTIVE AT PRE-OPERATIONAL AND CONCRETE OPERATIONAL
Albert Bandura
claims children can learn behavior by watching others, especially role models. (observe and imitate)
Ann Oakley
feminist who argues parents provide gender guidelines (examples and illustrations of how to behave your a male or female) as role models and the children copy.
Ex. girls= dresses dolls boys=sports legos
feral children
children assumed to have been raised by animals, in the wilderness, isolated from humans. HELP UNDERSTAND IMPORTANCE OF SOCIALIZATION
Roy Baumeister
parental love/approval are powerful motivators to conform (scared of disappointment)
secondary socialization
situations in which children learn both inside and outside the home
formal curriculum
skills to achieve qualifications
hidden curriculum
unintentional lessons; respect authority, opinions, attend class
secondary agencies
peer groups influence how we act, dress, etc
ideal pupil stereotype
teachers give positive attention to students who fit their ideal pupil stereotype. ex. hardworking, attentive
James Suzman
work is glue that holds society together
Adrian Wooldridge
religion the most influential source of socialization
Neil Postman
in Western societies media replaced the family in the 20th century as main source of socialization
nature
Act in ways which are hard-wired by biology into the brain at birth
nurture
act according to social expectations
Desmond Morris
biology affects culture
Tiger and Fox
Roles biologically determined. Attempt to interfere will result in failure
Simon-Baren Cohen
female brain hardwired for empathy whereas male brain hardwire for building and understanding system
Cordelia Fine
Neuroscience a patriarchal ideology to justify gender inequality
Douglas Candland
feral children are often ignorant of language and seem to have internalized by imitating the behavior of animals they have spent time with
Jefferson plantilla
assign value systems differ from European/american as western focus on rights of individual while Asia believes the group is more important
Leon kuczynski
primary socialization is a process through which parents aim to introduce cultural continuity/competence into their children
Howard Becker
teachers unconsciously promote "ideal Pupil stereotype" in the classroom, which benefits students closer to stereotype while hurts others that are furthest
Jean Twenge
argues socialization experience provided by social media platforms often results in high levels of mental-ill health
family
primary agency of socialization
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