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Micro lab final

Terms in this set (79)

Which of the following is defined as causing multiple focal points to form?
a. Chromatic Aberration.
b. Spherical Aberration.
c Achromatic Aberration.
b
One of the best ways to protect yourself within the microbiology lab is to....
a. Wear a lab coat at all times, Clean benches at the start and end of class, and tie up long hair.
b. Wear a lab coat at all times.
c. Clean benches at the start and end of class.
d. Tie up long hair.
a
IF I wanted to categorize streptococci into three different categories, which agar might I use?
a. Chocolate agar.
b. Blood agar.
c. Tryptic soy agar.
b
What is the following magnification? Eye piece* Medium objective= _____X
a. 400X
b. 40X.
c. 10X.
d. 100X.
b
What is resolution?
a. The ability to perceive 2 objects as separate.
b. The ability to adjust the amount of light reflected by a sample.
c. The adjustment of how much light is absorbed by a sample.
a
Resolving power is defined best as?
a. Waves of light reflected or passing through the specimen.
b. Smallest distance at which two small objects can still be seen as separate objects.
c. Visible portion of light diffracted or bent to a single point.
b
I am curious to see what sort f bacteria might grow on the bottom of my shoe, which agar might I use to do this without selecting for any particular bacteria?
a. MacConkey agar.
b. Mueller-Hinton agar.
c. LB agar.
d. Eosin methylene blue agar.
c
Which of the following is the purpose of oil immersion lenses?
a. Reduces the amount of light gained and decreases resolution by forcing more light to the viewed object.
b. Reduces the amount of light gained and increases resolution by forcing more light to the viewed object.
c. Reduces the amount of light lost and increases resolution by forcing more light into the viewed object.
d. Reduces the amount of light lost and decreases resolution by forcing more light to the viewed object.
c
What type of microscope relies on sample contrast where light is reduced by samples?
a. Phase-contrast.
b. Bright-field.
c. Dark-field.
d. SEM.
b
Which of the following contains agar at 0.5% to 0.1%.
a. Semi-solid.
b. Solid.
c. Liquid.
a
Paper towels used to clean up spills or wipe down benches should go in____. (Meaning they are contaminant free or have disinfectant on them).
a. Autoclave bin.
b. Autoclave bags at desk.
c. Trashcan.
c
If I wanted to test a random environment bacterial colony grown on basal media to identify if it has motility, which of the following would be the best choice?
a. Semi-solid Nutrient agar.
b. Solid MacConkey agar.
c. Liquid Nutrient agar.
d. Semi-solid MacConkey agar.
a
A solid media containing Mannitol, Phenol red, salt and beef extract would be best defined as what category of media?
a. Basal.
b. Differential but not selective.
c. Selective and differential.
d. Selective but not differential.
c
What is the first thing you should do when entering the microbiology lab?
a. Wipe down bench with bleach.
b. Wipe down bench with ethanol.
c. Turn on Bunsen burner.
d. Check snapchat.
a
Considered the following, I have gram stained a culture and identified it to be gram-positive, this would mean the cell most likely LACKS which of the following?
a. Cell membrane.
b. Peptidoglycan layer.
c. Outer membrane.
c
Which of the following is used as a mordant during gram staining?
a. Heat/ Steam.
b. Iodine.
c. Crystal violet.
d. Safranin.
b
In order to stain the vegetative cell within a bacteria, which of the following primary stains would I use?
a. Malachite green.
b. Crystal violet.
c. Carbol fuschin.
d. Iodine.
a
Purple circles in grapelike clusters are examples of what bacteria in this gram stain?
a. Spirillum (vibrio).
b. Staphylobacillus.
c. Streptococcus.
d. Staphylococcus.
d
Imagine: pink rods.
Based on what you know, how would you describe the cell shape of the plague causing bacteria?
The above imagine is of the bubonic plague causing Yersinia pastis, based in your knowledge, what would you consider it in terms of gram staining?
Bacillus, Gram negative
If you forgot to use a decolorizer after adding Iodine to your bacteria, your final bacteria would always appear to be ____.
a. Gram negative.
b. Mycoplasmas.
c. Gram positive.
c
Imagine a pink wave bacteria.
a. Gram negative Spirilium.
b. Gram positive Spirilium.
c. Gram negative Bacillus.
d. Gram negative Bacillus.
a
Read the question and select the correct step, these may be out of order/ step
What is the first step in gram staining?
The second step- you would add ___. (then you rinse with water).
The third step- Then I would apply _____. (then rinse with water).
The fourth step- I would follow up the previous step with a short wash with ____. (then rinse with water).
Fifth step- And finally ____. (then rinse with water).
After all steps, it is time to use ____.
Heat fixing the colony, Crystal violet, Iodine, Acetone/alcohol (decolorizer). Safranin, Microscope
What is the correct sequence for making a specimen smear on a slide?
The third step in preparing a microscope slide for staining is ___.
The first step in preparing a microscope slide for staining is ____.
The second step in preparing a microscope slide for staining is ____.
Stain, Smear into water, Heat fix
What is the dye used to stain the endospores?
a. Crystal violet.
b. Iodine.
c. Malachite green.
d. Safranin.
c
What type of bacterial stain would this most likely be? Imagine: pink rod with green center.
a. Gram stain.
b. Endospore stain.
c. Acid fast stain.
b
Imagine: purple grape clusters and pink rods connected.
a. This is a mixed culture of pram positive and gram negative organisms.
b. This a pure culture showing gram positive organisms.
c. This is a mixed culture of a gram positive organisms.
d. this is a pure culture of gram negative organisms.
a
Imagine: purple grape-like clusters.
a. This is a gram positive streptococcus.
b. This is a gram positive staphylococcus.
c. This is a gram negative staphylococcus.
d. This is a gram negative streptococcus.
b
How many people should be around a Bunsen burner at a given time seeing as there are Bunsen burners everywhere? (not including when the professor is assisting a student or students).
a. One.
b. Four.
c. Three.
d. Two.
a
Which of the following agars would I use in order to detect motility?
a. Nitrate.
b. Starch.
c. SIM.
d. Citrate.
c
In order to select for gram positives, what is the important property exhibited by Mannitol Salt Agar?
a. Phenol red.
b. Mannitol.
c. 7.5% Salt.
c
Imagine a citrate green agar. Based on the result of my citrate test, would you classify this as being a citrate degrader? positive test=yes
No
A motile bacteria was introduced into SIM agar, based on the red layer at the top of the media and the black coloration, which of the following is true?
a. Indole producer, Sulfur reducer.
b. Indole producer, Non-sulfur reducer.
c. Non-indole producer, Sulfur reducer.
a
Kovacs is needed in order to detect what in SIM agar?
a. Motility.
b. Indole production.
c. Nitrate reduction.
d. Sulfur production.
b
The MRVP test is called a med acid test because it is used to
a. To identify nitrate reduction in bacteria.
b. Determine which fermentation pathway is used to utilize glucose.
c. Used to detail ethanol production.
d. Identifies bacteria as having bacteriochlorophyll.
b
The citrate, like EMB, is selective for
a. Lactic acid bacteria.
b. Gram negative bacteria.
c. Acid fast bacteria.
d. Gram positive bacteria.
b
The starch agar test can detect is bacteria have amylase which breaks starch into glucose or maltose. This is seen by adding what to the media?
a. Chlorine.
b. KOH.
c. Iodine.
d. POK.
c
Imagine test tubes some with red tops and some with black movement inside.
What is the reagent used above? _____ reagent.
SIM
Imagine a test tube with clear on top and black underneath.
Is this a positive or negative indole result?
neg
It is the ____ that selects for gram positive bacteria.
a. Salt.
b. Phenol red.
c. Mannitol.
a
My bacteria appears to grow on MSA and EMB..... this means.
a. I might have a contaminated source culture or poor aseptic technique.
b. My bacteria is gram positive.
c. My bacteria is gram negative.
a
A compound that causes bacterial cell death but does not tear the cell apart is most likely ____.
a. Bacteriolytic.
b. Bacteriocidal.
c. Bacteriostatic.
b
Each of the following result in drug resistance EXCEPT.
a. Drug pumped out of the cell.
b. Drug used as a nutrient by the cell.
c. Drug binding site altered, Drug target modification.
d. Drug inactivated.
b
A drug that is not effective against ANY gram negative bacteria is most likely due to ____ resistance.
a. Acquired.
b. Intrinsic.
c. Unnatural.
b
One of the leading reasons for antimicrobial usage are/is ____.
a. Neither.
b. Individuals stopping antibiotic therapy because they feel better.
c. Both.
d. Individuals completing an antibiotic therapy.
b
Growth occurs outside of the outer ring the organism is
sensitive
Growth occurs in the ring closest to the drug the organism is
resistant
Growth occurs in the middle of the rings the organism is
intermediate
Which of the following is not a focus of medical microbiology?
a. Modes of infection.
b. All are correct.
c. Beneficial bacteria.
d. Mechanisms of infection.
e. Characteristics of pathogens.
b
Who studies the patterns, cause and effects of health and disease/ illness within populations?
a. Medical technologists.
b. Epidemiologist.
c. Veterinary technicians.
b
Which of the following diagnostic tests have we NOT completed over the course of Micro 2060?
a. Genotyping.
b. Microscopy.
c. Biochemical tests.
d. Microbial culturing.
a
Gram-positive cocci in grape clusters, split into 3 groups, associated with disease in clinical food and microbiology.
Staphylococcus spp.
Which microbial genus did we attempt to isolate and differentiate on Mannitol salts agar from forehead, nose, throat, bellybutton, and/or buttock's crack.
Staphylococcus spp.
Gram-positive cocci in chains, faculative anaerobes grouped based on hemolytic properties.
Streptococcus spp.
Which microbial genus did we attempt to culture on blood agar using throat swabs?
Streptococcus spp.
No hemolysis.
gamma
Oxidation of iron in hemoglobin molecules within red blood cells, giving it a greenish color on blood agar.
alpha
Complete rupture of red blood cells; appears as wide areas clear of blood cells surrounding bacterial colonies.
beta
What is the term for a disease causing organism?
a. Diseaser.
b. Bacteria.
c. Outlaw.
d. Pathogen.
d
Gram-negative non-spore forming bacteria that can ferment lactose; not necessarily from fecal matter.
coliform bacteria
Process of raising milk to 280F for 2 seconds followed by rapid cooling to 39F.
ultra-high temperature, ultra pasteurization
What bacteria is utilized as the standard bacteria for fecal coliform presence within various environmental and food samples?
Escherichia coli
Process of raising milk to 161F for 15 seconds followed by rapid cooling to 39F.
high temperature short time, pasteurization
Gram-negative non-spore forming bacteria that can ferment lactose; present in human animal intestines.
fecal coliform
What pathogen of E. coli is of most concern wen looking at disease causing pathotypes causing food-borne illness?
a. DAEC.
b. ETEC.
c. STEC.
d. EPEC.
e. EAEC.
f. EIEC.
c
"Completely" kills all bacteria within ground meat.
heating to 160F+
Slows bacterial growth in ground meat, does not kill bacteria.
freezing to -20C
Removes only surface bacteria from non-ground meats making them "safe" to consume, not a smart choice when concerning ground meats.
searing at high temperatures (300F+)
Autoclaving (saturated steam under pressure of approximately 15 psi to achieve a chamber temperature of at least 250° F for a prescribed time) is the best method of rapidly achieving destruction of all forms of microbial life. This is an example of____.
wet heat
Basically the removal of some germs, dirt and impurities from a surface or object. Imagine this like pouring a bucket of water on the floor.
clean
This is the complete removal of microbes from a surface or object. This process requires refined methods in order to improve the removal of organisms.
sterilized
This is when a cleaning agent, natural or chemical, has been added to the cleaning mixture. This will lead to a vast increase in the removal or reduction of germs from the surface or object. Using the same example above, this is a bucket of water with soap in the mixture.
disinfected
UV radiation is more lethal if the ___ is longer.
exposure time
What do all decontamination methods share?
time of contact
What is caused to DNA by UV radiation.
thymine dimers
What is the Biosafety level for our micro 2061 lab?
BSL-2
What might allow cells to survive UV radiation?
spores
Which of the following describe a BSL-2 lab?
containment, moderate risk, disease of varying severity
Why must you remove the lid from the petri plate during UV radiation?
UV radiation has very poor penetrating power
___ is often used to sterilize materials that may be sensitive to heat.
filtration
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