Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

patho mod 5

Terms in this set (69)

The only natural iodine-containing substance in the body is:
thyroxine.
Which modality is superior for imaging of the thyroid gland?
Nuclear medicine
Exophthalmos is a major physical finding in:
Graves' disease.
Excess thyroid hormone production from the entire gland results in:
Graves' disease.
Enlargement of the thyroid gland not associated with inflammatory or neoplastic processes and not initially associated with hyperthyroidism and myxedema is known as:
goiter
What is the most common type of thyroid carcinoma?
Papillary
There are _____ parathyroid glands in the body.
four
Failure of the pancreas to secrete insulin or a failure of target organs to respond to this hormone causes:
diabetes mellitus.
Which of the following is a major complication of diabetes mellitus?
Atherosclerosis
A diabetic patient is NPO for an upper GI exam. While waiting for the radiologist to arrive, the patient complains of feeling lightheaded, and you notice the patient is trembling. What is indicated, and what should be done?
Hypoglycemic shock; patient should be given sugar in the form of candy or orange juice.
What is the most common type of hyperparathyroidism?
Secondary
What is the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism?
Discrete adenoma
T/F
Androgens are secreted by the parathyroid glands.
F
T/F
Thyroxine is the only natural iodine-containing substance in the body.
T
T/F
The pituitary gland is often called the master gland of the body because the hormones it secretes control most glandular activity throughout the body.
T
T/F
Cushing's syndrome is caused by a malfunction of the pituitary gland.
F
Primary adrenocortical insufficiency resulting from progressive cortical destruction is termed:
Addison's disease
Which of the following results from excessive growth hormone?
Hyperpituitarism
Which of the following is caused by the excessive secretion of androgenically active substances by the adrenal gland.
Adrenogenital syndrome
Cushing Syndrome causes generalized skeletal demineralization and osteoporosis which may require which of the following?
Decrease in kVp
If hyperpituitarism occurs in a person whose bone growth has ceased, then _____ results.
acromegaly
If hyperpituitarism occurs in a person whose bone growth is still active, then _____ results.
gigantism
Cushing's syndrome is caused by:
an excess of glucocorticoid hormones.
Which of the following radiographic characteristics is highly suggestive of acromegaly?
Thickening of the heel pad
Hypopituitarism in children causes a type of:
dwarfism
Vasopressin acts to protect a person from:
excessive water loss.
Which of the following diseases may be caused by an adrenal carcinoma?
Cushing's syndrome and aldosteronism
The gonadotropins are secreted by the:
anterior lobe of pituitary.
Gradual marked enlargement and thickening of the bones of the hands, feet and face is termed:
acromegaly
Which of the following is the second most common malignancy in children?
Neuroblastoma
What is an aortic dissection?
Disruption of the intima allowing blood to flow between the layers of the wall
What is a thrombus?
An intravascular clot
What is an embolism?
A piece of a blood clot that enters the bloodstream
An autoimmune disease that results from a reaction of a patient's antibodies against antigens from a previous streptococcal infection is called:
rheumatic fever.
Which of the following conditions are complications of rheumatic fever?
Mitral valve and aortic valve stenosis and Aortic valve insufficiency
Which imaging modality is the most sensitive and specific noninvasive method for diagnosing mitral valve stenosis?
Echocardiography
A disease in which the growth of nodules or vegetations on the heart valves is caused by deposits of bacteria or fungi is known as:
infective endocarditis.
The accumulation of fluid in the membrane surrounding the heart is termed:
pericardial effusion.
Which of the following is a major source of fatal pulmonary emboli?
Deep vein thrombosis
Dilated and tortuous superficial veins of the leg are called:
varicose veins.
Which of the following is a noninvasive technique used for diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis?
Color-flow Doppler ultrasound
How is cardiomegaly evaluated on a PA chest radiograph?
Measurement of the cardiothoracic ratio
Fatty material deposits on inner arterial walls
atherosclerosis
Clot material in the circulating blood
embolism
Dead heart muscle cells
myocardial infarct
Intravascular clot
thrombus
T/F
Rheumatic fever is a primary cause of valvular disease.
T
T/F
Regurgitation of blood through a heart valve means that blood is flowing backward from an opening that is too large or through cusps that do not close properly.
T
T/F
Deep vein thrombosis is a primary source of pulmonary embolism.
T
T/F
A thrombus is a piece of an embolism that has broken free into the circulating bloodstream.
F
What is the most common cause of cyanotic congenital heart disease?
Tetralogy of Fallot
Constriction of the aorta at the distal arch is termed:
coarctation of the aorta.
Which of the following shows up clinically as normal blood pressure in the upper extremities and low blood pressure in the lower extremities?
Coarctation of the aorta
Rib notching is a radiographic characteristic of:
coarctation of the aorta.
What is atherosclerosis?
Fatty deposits on the inner lining of arteries.
Fatty deposits along the lining of arterial walls is termed:
atherosclerosis.
What is a myocardial infarction?
Death of myocardial cells
Death of myocardial cells caused by a lack of blood supply is known as a:
myocardial infarction.
The inability of the heart to propel blood at a rate and volume sufficient to provide an adequate supply to the tissues is called:
congestive heart failure.
An abnormal accumulation of fluid in the extravascular pulmonary tissues is termed:
pulmonary edema.
The most common cause of pulmonary edema is:
elevated pulmonary venous pressure.
The leading cause of strokes and CHF is:
hypertension.
What is an aneurysm?
An area of an artery in which the walls are dilated.
A localized dilatation of an artery is termed a(n):
aneurysm
When an artery is dilated, or bulging, on only one side of the arterial wall, it is termed a:
saccular aneurysm.
When the entire circumference of the vessel wall is bulging, it is called a:
fusiform aneurysm.
T/F
Tetralogy of Fallot involves four abnormalities.
T
T/F
Rib notching demonstrated on chest radiographs is a characteristic of coarctation of the aorta.
T
T/F
A fusiform aneurysm is a localized weakness that bulges out on only one side of the artery wall.
F
Sets found in the same folder