Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

ch. 26

Terms in this set (24)

A public health nurse (PHN) is working with families and communities. Which of the following best illustrates the nursing action that is being implemented?
.
A. Learning about the core competencies for public health professionals
b.Facilitating a client discharge from an inpatient facility
c.Assessing the structure of a family
d.Assisting clients who are uninsured in finding resources and services
ANS: D
The PHN role is best demonstrated by the action of assisting clients who are uninsured in finding resources and services. Learning about the core competencies is important, but does not demonstrate a nurse working with families and communities. The PHN is not typically involved with inpatient client discharge. The PHN may assess family structure, but that is not the best example of how a nurse works with families and communities.
A nurse strives to meet the health care needs of diverse and changing families. Which of the following best describes the consideration that should be made by the nurse?

a.Provide culturally competent care
b.Understand family dynamics
c.Recognize that two-income parent households are less stressful
d.Learn how to care for people in their homes
ANS: A
Immigration and modest difference in natural increases has increased in racial and ethnic diversity, which is reflected in the decline in the white, non-Hispanic population. Culturally competent care is necessary to best meet the health care needs of diverse and changing families. Provision of culturally competent care should be of higher priority than understanding family dynamics, recognizing the stress in two-income parent households, or learning how to care for people in their homes. Culturally competent care is needed to form and maintain a relationship with the family.
A nurse is making an appointment with a family for a nursing visit. Which of the following best describes a barrier that the nurse may experience when trying to schedule this appointment?

a.The assessment cannot be done unless the extended family is present.
b. It may be difficult to find a convenient time for all family members to be present.
c. Nurses have limited time to do home visits.
d.Families are often scattered over a large area, making access difficult.
ANS: B
It is important to encourage all family members to attend the meeting. However, it can be difficult to find a convenient time for all family members to attend. Often, late afternoon or evening appointments are necessary to accommodate the needs of the family. Limitation of time by the nurses would not be a barrier when scheduling this appointment.
A nurse recognizes that a barrier that may be experienced when providing family nursing care is health literacy. Which of the following strategies should the nurse implement to reduce the occurrence of this problem?

a. Write down all necessary information for the family
b. Use multiple colors of ink on written materials
c. Print in upper- and lowercase letters
d. Use as many descriptors as possible
ANS: C

The best techniques used to reduce potential problems with health literacy are to print in upper- and lowercase letters, remove all extra words, have plenty of white space on the paper, and use black ink on white paper.
The nurse asks, "What has changed between you and your spouse since your child's head injury?" Which of the following focuses of the family is being used?

a. The context
b. The client
c. A system
d. A component of society
ANS: C

When the family is viewed as a system, the focus is on the family as client, and the family is viewed as an interactional system in which the whole is more than the sum of its parts. The systems approach to families always implies that when something happens to one family member, the other members of the family system also are affected, and vice versa. When the nurse views the family as client, the family is the primary focus and individual family members are secondary. The family as context serves as either a strength or a stressor to individual health and illness issues. The family as a component of society is seen as one of many institutions in society, along with health, education, religious, and financial institutions.
A nurse is assessing family structure. Which of the following describes what the nurse should recognize?

a. An individual may experience many different family structures over a lifetime.
b. The variations in family structure are becoming less common.
c. The traditional nuclear family is the most common family structure.
d. There is great variation among family structures.
ANS: A

In assessing family structure, it is important for the nurse to recognize that an individual may experience many different family structures over a lifetime. Variations in family structure are becoming more common, and there can be great variation among family structures. There is no longer a general consensus that the traditional nuclear family model is the "best" model.
A nurse makes a visit to a home where there are a number of people. The client says that several people are in her family who are not related. Which of the following describes what should be done by the nurse?

a. Ask the client why they are living in her home
b. Ask each member to identify his or her health needs
c. Tell the client that these people are not considered family
d. Accept the client's definition of family
ANS: D

The family may range from traditional notions of the nuclear and extended family to postmodern structures. Family, as defined and implemented by the health care system, continues to be based on using the legal notions of relationships. However, the family system and family nurses use the following broader definition of family: "Family refers to two or more individuals who depend on one another for emotional, physical, and/or financial support. The members of the family are self-defined."
Which statement about divorce rates is correct?

a. The divorce rate is increasing.
b. The divorce rate is decreasing.
c. The divorce rate is difficult to measure due to the increase in cohabitation.
d. The divorce rate has leveled off and remains relatively constant.
ANS: D

The rapidly escalating divorce rate of families found in the 1970s and 1980s has leveled off and remained relatively constant since 1990 with subsequently about 43% and 46% of marriages that ended in divorce. As cohabitation has become more acceptable, less divorced people are getting remarried, but this does not make the divorce rate more difficult to measure.
Nurses analyze family developmental changes and stressors when studying family:

a. demographics.
b. functions.
c. structure.
d. nursing.
ANS: A

The study of family and household structures and events that alter that structure is called family demographics. Family functions are the ways in which families meet the needs of each family member, the family as a whole, and their relationship to society. Family structure refers to the characteristics and demographics of individual members who make up family units. Family nursing is a philosophy and a science that is based on the following assumptions: health and illness are family events; what affects one family member affects the whole family; and health care practices, decision, and behaviors are made within the context of the family.
The nurse visits a household that consists of an elderly person living with nonrelatives. Which of the following describes this type of household?

a. Single-family household
b. Family household
c. Nonfamily household
d. Family demographic trend
ANS: C

By definition, a nonfamily may consist of a householder living alone or a householder living with nonrelatives, such as boarders or roommates. Single-family and family households include a householder and at least one other member related by birth, marriage, or adoption. This is not a description of a family demographic trend.
A nurse keeps informed and up-to-date about demographic trends pertaining to families and all types of households. Which of the following best describes why this is important?

a. To understand the demographics of the areas they are serving
b. To provide safe care to the public
c. To predict the needs of families within the community
d. To identify households where children may need special attention
ANS: C

Knowledge about demographic trends is essential so that nurses can forecast and predict family community needs. This knowledge allows nurses to formulate possible solutions to identified family community problems.
Which theory views the family as a whole with boundaries that are affected by the environment?

a. Family developmental and life cycle theory
b. Bioecological systems theory
c. Microsystems
d. Family systems theory
ANS: D

The family systems theory views the family as a whole with boundaries that are affected by the environment. The family developmental theory focuses on common tasks of family life and provides a longitudinal view of the family life cycle. The bioecological systems theory describes how environments and systems outside of the family influence the development of a child over time. Microsystems are part of the bioecological systems theory and describe the systems and individuals that the family directly interacts with on a daily basis.
A nurse organizes care for a family by focusing on the common tasks of family life and considering a longitudinal view of the family life cycle. Which of the following theories is being applied?

a. Family systems
b. Bioecological systems
c. Family developmental and life cycle
d. Capacity building model
ANS: C

The family developmental and life cycle theory focuses on common tasks of family life and provides a longitudinal view of the family life cycle. The family systems theory views the family as a whole with boundaries that are affected by the environment. The bioecological systems theory describes how environments and systems outside of the family influence the development of a child over time. In the capacity building model, nurses assume that the family has the most knowledge about how their health issues affect the family, supports family decision making, empowers the family to act, and facilitates action for and with the family.
A nurse examines family interactions. Which of the following describes the theory that is being applied?

a. Bioecological systems
b. Family systems
c. Family developmental and life cycle
d. Capacity -building model
ANS: B

The family systems theory encourages nurses to view clients as participating members of a family. The family developmental theory provides a basis for forecasting what a family will be experiencing at any period in the family life cycle. The bioecological systems theory describes how environments and systems outside of the family influence the development of a child over time. The bioecological systems theory describes how environments and systems outside of the family influence the development of a child over time. In the capacity -building model, nurses assume that the family has the most knowledge about how their health issues affect the family, supports family decision making, empowers the family to act, and facilitates action for and with the family.
A nurse asks, "Where is this family on the continuum of the family cycle?" Which of the following theories is being used?

a. Bioecological systems
b. Family systems
c. Family developmental and life cycle
d. Capacity -building model
ANS: C

The family developmental and life cycle theory provides a basis for forecasting what a family will be experiencing at any period in the family life cycle. The family systems theory encourages nurses to view clients as participating members of a family. The bioecological systems theory describes how environments and systems outside of the family influence the development of a child over time. In the capacity -building model, nurses assume that the family has the most knowledge about how their health issues affect the family, supports family decision making, empowers the family to act, and facilitates action for and with the family.
A nurse considers how the environment outside of the family influences the development of a child. Which of the following theories is being used?

a. Bioecological systems
b. Family systems
c. Family developmental and life cycle
d. Capacity -building model
ANS: A

The bioecological systems theory describes how environments and systems outside of the family influence the development of a child over time. The family developmental theory provides a basis for forecasting what a family will be experiencing at any period in the family life cycle. The family systems theory encourages nurses to view clients as participating members of a family. In the capacity -building model, nurses assume that the family has the most knowledge about how their health issues affect the family, supports family decision making, empowers the family to act, and facilitates action for and with the family.
A nurse is using the termination component of the nurse-family relationship. Which of the following strategies would the nurse use?

a. Increasing sessions with the nurse
b. Making referrals when appropriate
c. Providing a formative evaluation of the relationship
d. Refusing additional communication with the family
ANS: B

The termination phase includes making referrals when appropriate. It also includes decreasing contact with the nurse, extending invitations to the family for follow-up care, and a summative evaluation meeting for formal closure.
18. A nurse displays pertinent family information in a multigenerational family tree format. Which of the following best describes this action?

a. Family intervention
b. Family assessment
c. Genogram
d. Ecomap
ANS: C

A genogram enhances the nurse's ability to make clinical judgments and connect them to family structure and history. An ecomap shows the nature of the relationship among and between family members and the community. A family intervention is used to work with the entire family to assist with identifying the primary problem confronting the family and accept the family as the priority. A family assessment is a way for a nurse to gather information from a family by using reliable and valid short assessment instruments that are specifically focused on the relevant family situation.
A nurse is demonstrating how a family relates to the other units in the community. Which of the following assessment instruments would be appropriate for the nurse to use?

a. Family intervention
b. Family assessment
c. Genogram
d. Ecomap
ANS: D

An ecomap shows the nature of the relationship among and between family members and the community. A genogram enhances the nurse's ability to make clinical judgments and connect them to family structure and history. A family intervention is used to work with the entire family to assist with identifying the primary problem confronting the family and accept the family as the priority. A family assessment is a way for a nurse to gather information from a family by using reliable and valid short assessment instruments that are specifically focused on the relevant family situation.
The nurse chooses to interview a family in the clinic office. Which of the following provides the rationale for this decision?

a. Nurse's territory will provide the nurse with power
b. More formal setting may allow for better discussion of family issues
c. Nurse will feel more comfortable
d. Environment of the family can be assessed
ANS: B

Choosing a more formal, less personal setting might help the family begin discussion of emotionally charged issues, so it is an advantage for the nurse to suggest the clinic office. A disadvantage of not seeing the everyday family environment is that it may reinforce a possible culture gap between the family and the nurse. It should not provide more power to the nurse and should not be done only to help the nurse feel more comfortable.
A nurse is constructing a genogram for a family. Which of the following describes its importance?

a. Allows nurses to diagnose disease patterns
b. Brings the family together to do a mutual task
c. Shows family history and patterns of health-related information
d. Provides a visual diagram of the family unit in relation to other subsystems
ANS: C

It is important for some families to construct a genogram because it shows family history and patterns of health-related information. A genogram does not allow the nurse to diagnose disease patterns or bring the family together. An ecomap provides a visual diagram of the family unit in relation to other subsystems.
Government actions that have a direct or indirect effect on families are called _____ policy.

a. social
b. family
c. public
d. financial
ANS: B

All government actions, whether at the local, county, state, or national level, affect the family either directly or indirectly. Thus, it is referred to as family policy. These policies may address social, public, or financial issues that have an impact on families.
A nurse is using the provisions of the Family Medical Leave legislation. Which of the following actions would the nurse take?

a. Resigning from employment, but retaining health insurance
b. Sharing family information with colleagues
c. Providing Medicaid to a family who cannot afford health insurance
d. Taking a defined time off of work for family events without fear of job loss
ANS: D

The Family Medical Leave legislation allows for a family member to take a defined amount of leave for family events, such as births and deaths, without fear of losing his or her job. The Family Medical Leave legislation does not allow for retention of health insurance after resigning from employment, sharing family information with colleagues, or provision of Medicaid to a family who cannot afford insurance.
What are the reasons for cohabitation? (Select all that apply.)

a. Cohabitants would marry, but do not for economic reasons.
b. Cohabitants are seeking a more egalitarian relationship.
c. Resources, such as food stamps and budget management, can be shared.
d. Cohabitants are using this as a trial period to assess whether to marry.
e. Resources can be received by multiple individuals.
ANS: A, B, D

It is suggested that people cohabit for three reasons: (1) some would marry but do not for economic reasons, (2) others seek a more egalitarian relationship, and (3) others use it as a trial period to assess whether to marry. Sharing resources is not a reason for cohabitation because food stamps and budget management are not always shared when people live together. Resources may not be able to be received by multiple individuals.
Sets found in the same folder