Which of the following traits is linked to a host of health problems, including heart disease, high blood pressure, and obesity?high neuroticismWhich two characteristics are typical of Type D personality?high neuroticism and high social inhibitionDeAndre periodically suffers from depression. Lately he has been thinking about all the things that could go wrong during his public speaking project. He's constantly worried about his teammates, his own performance, and all the technical problems that could occur with the lighting and sound system. This thought process is best described as __________.ruminationWhich of the following most accurately defines Type A and Type B personalities?Type A personality is hardworking, scheduled, and impatient. Type B personality is laid-back and less scheduled.15.2 Motives & Explanatory Style15.2 Motives & Explanatory Styleoptimistic explanatory styleseeing bad events as they won't happen againpessimistic explanatory stylesees bad events as likely to keep happening
- more likely to say they experienced at least one accident, assault, injury, or poisoning in the past 2 yearsQuiz 15.2Quiz 15.2Toby is always trying to take over situations. His friends consider him bossy, and his girlfriend has almost broken up with him a number of times for being too controlling. Which of the following is the best way to describe Toby's personality?
a) He is low in conscientiousness.
b) He is high in extraversion.
c) He is high in power motive.
d) He is too high in affiliation.c) He is high in power motive.Toby is known for his micro-management leadership style. Many of his employees have left the company or have found ways to go around him thereby thwarting his power, both of which frustrate him greatly. If this continues, Toby is most likely to develop which of the following conditions?
a) high blood pressure and possible immune system problems
b) borderline personality disorder
c) cancer
d) sleep disorder with elevated progesteronea) high blood pressure and possible immune system problemsWhich of the following statements regarding personality and physical health is true?
a) People high in extraversion tend to have high blood pressure.
b) People high in power motive tend to have better immune system function.
c) People high in affiliation motive tend to have better immune system function.
d) People low in affiliation motive tend to live longer lives.c) People high in affiliation motive tend to have better immune system function.Which of the following hormones is associated with feelings of closeness to others?
a) progesterone
b) serotonin
c) testosterone
d) estrogena) progesteroneWhat is the difference between optimistic explanatory style and pessimistic explanatory style?
a) Optimistic explanatory style involves seeing good events as external while pessimistic explanatory style involves seeing good events as internal.
b) Optimistic explanatory style involves seeing bad events as internal while pessimistic explanatory style involves seeing bad events as external.
c) Optimistic explanatory style involves seeing bad events as transient and external while pessimistic explanatory style involves seeing bad events as stable and global.
d) Optimistic explanatory style involves seeing bad events as stable while pessimistic explanatory style involves seeing bad events as transient.c) Optimistic explanatory style involves seeing bad events as transient and external while pessimistic explanatory style involves seeing bad events as stable and global.Chapter 15 QuizChapter 15 QuizWhich of the following statements regarding Lewis Terman's study is true?
a) It collected data on habits, personalities, and behaviors in the longest-running longitudinal study ever conducted.
b) It compared school performance of children in the late 1800s with children born 50 years later.
c) It collected personality data on children, teens, and adults who were identical twins separated at birth.
d) It collected intelligence data on different children from around the United States over a five-year period.a) It collected data on habits, personalities, and behaviors in the longest-running longitudinal study ever conducted.Haley wants to stop eating so many sweets. What do we know about strengthening one's self-control that can help her accomplish her goal?d) Self-control is like a muscle that needs to be exercised incrementally over time for the best results, so Haley should consider practicing her self-control in another area first.Negative emotions turned inward result in __________; negative emotions turned outward result in __________.
a) high blood pressure; low blood pressure
b) positive health outcomes; negative health outcomes
c) anxiety; anger
d) frustration; fearc) anxiety; angerWhich term best describes a Type D personality?
a) hostile
b) domineering
c) calm
d) anxiousd) anxiousJacob is always busy. He keeps a daily calendar of his responsibilities. Any time he gets delayed or has to wait, he gets impatient and a little hostile—even angry. Which best describes Jacob's personality?
a) Type A
b) Type B
c) Type T
d) Type Da) Type AWhy might Type A personalities have an increased risk of heart attacks?Hostile people have elevated white blood cell counts, which can lead to inflammation of bodily tissue.Which activity is a Type T person most likely to enjoy?
a) reading a book alone in the library
b) seeing the doctor about a bad feeling
c) bungee jumping off a high bridge
d) trying to control everything that goes on at a partyc) bungee jumping off a high bridgeWhat is the most likely outcome of being high in agreeableness?having a strong social support system of friends and loved onesWhich of the Big Five has the weakest association with health outcomes?b) openness to experienceWhy do people high in extraversion run a somewhat greater risk of dying earlier?b) They are more likely to abuse drugs and die in accidents.What is the best explanation for why being high in power motive can be detrimental to your health?
a) People high in power motive often eventually get betrayed by those who they lead.
b) Thwarted attempts for power can lead to depression and suicidal thoughts.
c) Thwarted attempts for power can lead to stress and chronic high blood pressure, which can then lead to immune system problems.
d) People high in power motive become stressed about maintaining power, which often leads to unhealthy dieting and substance abuse.c) Thwarted attempts for power can lead to stress and chronic high blood pressure, which can then lead to immune system problems.What might be one reason that women are less likely than men to have heart attacks?They are more likely to have a "tend and befriend" style in dealing with stress, which is thought to be better for the immune system.Thinking that even small negative events are major problems is known as __________.
a) ballooning
b) imploding
c) belittling
d) catastrophizingd) catastrophizingChris just got a laid off at work. He figured that he lost his job because there were too many qualified people in his role and that the company had to let someone go, not because his performance was poor. This is an example of a(n) __________.
a) internal explanatory style
b) pessimistic explanatory style
c) practical realism style
d) optimistic explanatory styled) optimistic explanatory styleDominque broke her leg right before she was to go on spring break with her friends. "It figures," she says. "Things like this always happen to me exactly when they shouldn't. That's just the way it is." This is an example of a(n) __________.
a) practical realism style
b) optimistic explanatory style
c) truth-telling style
d) pessimistic explanatory styled) pessimistic explanatory style
