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Biology Chapter Seven

Terms in this set (20)

Why is glycolysis described as having an investment phase and a payoff phase?
Early steps consume energy from ATP, and later steps store an increased amount of energy in ATP and NADH
Why is glycolysis considered to be one of the first metabolic pathways to have evolved?
It does not involve any organelles or specialized structures, does not require oxygen, and is present in most organisms
The primary role of oxygen in cellular respiration
Serves as an acceptor for electrons and hydrogen, forming water
The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is involved directly in which process and event?
Accepting electrons at the end of the electron transport chain
When a glucose molecule loses a hydrogen atom as a result of an oxidation-reduction reaction, the glucose molecules become
oxidized
When a molecule of NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) gains a hydrogen atom (not a proton), the NAD+ molecule becomes
reduced
Which of the following is an accurate description of the events that occur along the electron transport chain depicted in figure 7.2
Each electron transfer between carriers in oxidation of one carrier and reduction of another
The complete oxidation of glucose(C6H12O6) to carbon dioxide and water in aerobic respiration consumes how many molecules of oxygen(O2)?
6
Which process in Eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen(O2) is present or absent?
Glycolysis
In addition to ATP, what are the end products of glycolysis?
NADH and Pyruvate
Which metabolic pathway generates a proton gradient?
Chemiosmosis
The complete oxidation of glucose in aerobic respiration occurs through which of the following sequence of metabolic reactions?
Glucose->glycolysis->pyruvate oxidation->citric acid cycle->electron transport chain
Where are the proteins of the electron transport chain located?
Inner mitochondrial membrane
Where in the mitochondria is the enzyme ATP synthase localized?
Inner membrane
Carbon dioxide(CO2) is released during which of the following stages of cellular respiration?
oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl COa and the citric acid cyle
Energy released by the electron transport chain is used to pump H+ into which location in Eukaryotic cells?
Mitochondrial intermembrane space
Which of the following occurs in the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell?
glycolysis and fermentation
Yeast cells grown anaerobically can obtain energy by fermentation, which results in the production of
ATP, CO2, and ethanol
Which metabolic pathway is common to both fermentation and cellular respiration of a glucose molecule?
glycolysis
The immediate energy source that drives ATP synthesis by ATP synthase during oxidative phosphorylation is the
H+ concentration gradient across the membrane holding ATP synthase
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