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TechSmart Lesson 2.1 & 2.1 - 2.4 Vocabulary

Terms in this set (33)

Conditional
decides whether to skip a section of code
Ex. If it's raining then bring an umbrella
If clause
Starts a conditional
ex. If it's raining
Condition
Asks a yes or no question
Ex. Is it raining?
Comparison operator
Compares two values; gives a yes or no answer
Ex. < Less than
> Greater than
<= Lesser or equal to
>= Greater or equal to
== Is equal to
!= Not equal
Then-block
Code that might be skipped
Elif clause
Checks another condition
Ex. Elif condition:
then-block code
Else
Runs if nothing else was True
Ex. Else:
Else-block code
boolean
A data type with two possible values: True or False
Ex. playing == True
boolean expression
An expression that creates a boolean value
Ex. num > 0
# if num is 5 the value is True
# if num is -5, the value is False
logical operator
combine or modify boolean values
Ex. and, or and not
and
A logical operator that makes an expression True only if all parts are True
Ex. True and True ----> True
True and False ---> False
or
A logical operator that makes an expression True as long as one part is True
Ex.
True or True -----> True
True or False ----> True
False or False ---> False
not
A logical operator that turns an boolean value to it's opposite value.
Ex.
player1_turn = not player1_turn
---> turns player1_turn from True to False or from False to True
nesting
Structures inside of other structures
Ex. a conditional in the then-block of another conditional
if x:
if y:
print("x and y are both True")
while loop
repeats a section of code as long as it's condition is true
Ex. while running:
print("keep going")
while clause
Starts a while loop
Ex. while x < 10:
loop block
code that gets repeated
Ex. print(x)
x += 1
break statement
immediately stops a loop by skipping to the end of the loop-block and not running another iteration
Ex. while True:
break
In the following code, identify the conditionals that includes the elif-clause.
if x == 1:
print("x is 1")
if y == 2:
print("y is 2")
elif x == w:
print("x is w")
elif x == 5:
print("X is 5")
if x < 53:
print("x is less than 53")
if y == 2:
print("y is 2")
elif x == w:
print("X is w")
elif x == 5:
print("X is 5")
Remember that a conditional starts with an if-clause. Any new if-clause starts an entirely new conditional. Elif-clauses belong to the if-clause that comes before them.
Which of the following is not a type of conditional clause?if, elif, then, or else
then
How many times will the following code print the statement "Print me"?
x = 0
while x < 1000:
print("Print me")
x += 100
10

This code starts at 0, counts by 100 each loop, and ends just before 1000. So x will have each of the following values: 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900.
Identify the condition in the following code.
if x < y:
print("x is smaller")
print("y is bigger")
x y
Identify the if-clause in the following code.
if x < y:
print("x is smaller")
print("y is bigger")
if x < y:
What happens if the condition in a conditional is False?
The program skips the then-block
In the following code, the then-block will never execute. Why?
if 100 < 10:
print("We executed!")
print("Congratulations!")
print("The program finished.")
The condition will always be false.
Add a symbol to the conditional so it is formatted correctly.
x = 10
y = 5
if x > y
print("x is bigger than y")
add a colon after if x > y. Should be written if x > y:
In the following code, identify the print statement that will never be printed.
if x > y:
print("Case 1")
if x < y:
print("Case 2")
if x == y:
print("Case 3")
else:
print("Case 4")
print("Case 4")
What is the maximum number of elif clauses you can have in a conditional?
Unlimited
What is the maximum number of else clauses you can have in a conditional?
1
Identify all the clauses in the conditional below.
if money > 100:
print("Wow!")
elif money > 50:
print("Not bad!")
elif money > 10:
print("You got something!")
else:
print("You need some cash!")
if money > 100:
elif money > 50:
elif money > 10:
else:
Identify the error in the following conditional.
if x > 100
print("x is greater than 100")
if x > 100:
print("x is greater than 100")
Why will the code below cause an error?
if x == 100:
print("100")
elif:
print("x is not 100")
elif must have a condition
What is the fewest lines that can be in a then-block?
1
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