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Digestive System Study Guide

Terms in this set (26)

purpose/responsibility of the digestive system
-intake and digestion of food
-absorption of nutrients
-elimination of solid waste
produces insulin
pancreas
also called the colon, absorbs water and any remaining nutrients
large intestine
largest gland in the body; responsible for storing sugar, producing clotting factors and cholesterol, and detoxifying
liver
receives food from the pharynx
esophagus
receives food from the stomach, partially digested, 20 ft long
small intestine
located behind the hard palate, separates the mouth from the nose
soft palate
produces saliva
salivary glands
muscular organ that aids in chewing and swallowing
tongue
breaks down food by a process called mastication
teeth
bony structure that forms the roof of the mouth
hard palate
receives food from the esophagus
stomach
small sac that stores and secretes bile
gallbladder
chronic destruction of liver cells accompanied by scar tissue
cirrhosis
inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the stomach and intestinal tract
gastroenteritis
acute inflammation of the appendix
appendicitis
inflammation of the gallbladder
cholecystitis
inflammation of the pouches or sacs that form in the intestine
diverticulitis
viral inflammation of the liver
hepatitis
open sore on the lining of the digestive tract
ulcer
occurs when an internal organ pushes through a weakened area of the muscle
hernia
inflammation of the pancreas
pancreatitis
severe inflammation of the colon with the formation of ulcers and abscesses
ulcerative colitis
inflammation of the abdominal peritoneal cavity
peritonitis
be able to identify the method of transmission for hepatitis A, B, and C
A. not washing your hands and preparing food
B. blood and body fluids
C. blood and body fluids
define jaundice
bilirubin in the blood
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