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PEDS

Terms in this set (24)

Insufficient intake of ____ during pregnancy increases the risk of spina bifida
FOLIC ACID
An infant with a meningocele should be placed in what position?

How should the nurse take precautions with a meningocele / myelomeningocele?
Position = PRONE w/ HIPS FLEXED

Precautions = NO PRESSURE, CLEAN MOIST STERILE NON ADHESIVE DRESSING
What type of spina bifida is characterized by a cyst containing meninges, CSF, and a portion of the spinal cord?

What about just containing meninges & CSF?

What about a hidden protrusion covered by skin but can still observe abnormal patches of hair or dimples or birthmark over affected spinal cord?
MYELOMENINGOCELE

MENINGOCELE

OCCULTA
A spinal cord injury above L1 will likely result in spastic muscle tone and a spastic neurogenic bladder (T or F)

A spinal cord injury below L1 will likely result in flaccid muscle tone and a flaccid neurogenic bladder (T or F)
True
Spastic vs flaccid bladder
Spastic Bladder
- HYPER REFLEX = OVERACTIVE
- Little to no control over urination
- Causes SUDDEN or FREQUENT need to urinate

Flaccid Bladder
- HYPO REFLEX / HYPOTONIC / UNDERACTIVE
- Causes OVERFILLING of the bladder and CANNOT TELL WHEN IT IS EMPTY
- So it will leak out
What complication of a spinal cord injury results in hypotension and bradycardia?
Neurogenic shock
If your patient exhibits extreme hypertension following a spinal cord injury, what is your priority action?
Sit the patient UP!
What X - linked genetic disorder causes intellectual disability & autism?
Fragile X
Physical features such as low set ears, broad flat nose, and a protruding tongue are associated with what genetic disorder?
Trisomy 21 or Down syndrome
What X linked genetic disorder causes MUSCLE DEGENERATION
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
What are the 2 key risk factors associated with Reye Syndrome
1) Recent Viral infection (MIV)
2) Aspirin (ASA)
A house built before ____ increases a child risk of lead poisoning
1978
Chelation therapy is used for a serum lead level > ___ mcg/dL
45 mcg / dL Blood lead levels
Which age should a child be allowed to sit in the front seat of the car?
AFTER 12 yrs old
What is the max temp a water heater should be set to, to prevent burning
120 degrees farenhight
When should a parent or guardian induce vomiting with ipecac syrup?
NEVER! Call poison control instead IMMEDIATELY
Parent tells nurse about toddler diet, which foods should a nurse tell the parent not to feed d/t choking hazard

Banana
Baby carrot
Sliced grape
Hot dog
Cubed cheese
Baby carrots
Hot dog
Cubed cheese
Nurse assessing newborn 16 hours after birth & sees jaundice, is this expected or unexpected?
UNEXPECTED = Jaundice after birth 24hrs NEVER NORMAL
When assessing newborn, nurse notices blueish, purple discoloration on child back & buttocks, is this expected or unexpected that resembles bruise.

Name & expected or unexpected
Mongolian spots
Expected will go away
When assessing newborn, nurse notes an area of swelling in the infants head & localized to the right side of the head, what is the name of finding & how long does it last?
Cephalohematoma

Lasts several months
How many arteries & vein should a newborn umbilical cord contain
AVA
- 2 arteries
- 1 vein
What diuretic is used to decrease ICP in a patient with a severe head injury
MANNITOL
What is the treatment for a concussion
Rest & Gradual return to activity (SELF RESOLVING)
Fixed / dilated pupils & abnormal respirations are signs of what head injury complication?
Brain herniation
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