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Unit D- Electricity Outcome 1.0

Terms in this set (32)

Static Electricity
a stationary electric charge
Electron
A negatively charged particle. (atom)
Proton
A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom
Neutron
A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom
Neutral
Description of an object that has equal amounts of positive and negative charges.
Charge Separation
concentration of like charges in specific areas of a neutral object, caused by the approach of a charged object.

EXAMPLE: A negatively charged object brought close to a wall repels the electrons in the wall, leaving the area of the wall closest to the object positively charged.
Electrical discharge
A sudden transfer of electrical charge from one object t another, indicted by a spark.
Electrical current
A steady flow of charged particles.
Circuit (p.279)
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Amperes (A)
The unit of measurement of electrical current.
Conductors
A materical that electric charge can move through easily.
Circuit (p.280)
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Load
A device in a circuit that converts electrical energy to another form of energy

EXAMPLE: A light bulb or Motor.
Electrical Energy
Energy of charged particles; transferred when electrons travel from place to place.
Voltage
A measure of how much electrical energy a charged particle carries.
Potential Difference
Charge in the potential energy of electric charge compared to its potential energy at a reference point, such as the ground; voltage.
Volt (V)
The unit of voltage
Voltmeter
Instrument for measuring potential difference in volts.
Short Circuit
An accidental low-resistance connection between two points in a circuit, often causing excess current to flow.
Insulators
A substance that strongly resists the flow of electricity.
Fuses
A thin piece of metal that melts to break an electrical circuit when excess current flow occurs.
Circuit breakers
A special wire that eats up and turns off switch when excess current flows through an electric circuit.
Electrochemical cell
A package of chemicals designed to produce small amount of electricity produces electricity from chemical reactions.

Example: Battery
Dry Cell
A cell that has its electrolyte in the form of a paste, usually in a sealed case; the type of cell commonly used in portable devices such as flashlights.
Electrolyte
A liquid or paste that conducts electricity because it contains ions.
Ion
Atom that has become electrically charged because it has lost or gained electrons; a positive ion is an atom that has lost one or more electrons while a negative ion is an atom that has gained one or more electrons.
Electrodes
A conductor through which electric current enters or leaves a device or material.
Wet Cells
An electrochemical primary cell having a liquid electrolyte
Primary Cells
A cell that produces electricity by means of a chemical reaction that cannot be reversed.
Rechargeable Cell
A cell that produces electricity by means of a chemical reaction that can be reversed by using an external source to run electricity back through the cell.
Secondary Cells
Rechargeable cell
Battery
A set of cells connected together
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