Week 13 Program Planning and Program Evaluation

Precede-Proceed Model (PPM) rests on what principle

Click the card to flip 👆

1 / 60

Terms in this set (60)

Precede-Proceed Model (PPM) rests on what principle

explain health related behaviors and environments

design and evaluate the interventions needed to influence behavior and the environment

What are PPM's 3 key concepts

population-based ( a settings approach)

uses an ecological and educational approach
-health behaviors are complex, multi-dimensional, and influenced by a variety of factors

respects context

what are the 4 assumptions of PPM

behavior change is (mostly) voluntary thus health promotion will be more effective if it's participatory

health and other issues must be looked at in the context of the community

health and other issues are essentially quality of life issues

health is itself a constellation of factors that add up to a healthy life for individuals and communities

PPM is an ____ stage process that _________

8

begins at the end

what is the PPM structure

start with the quality of life and the health-related outcome of interest

work backwards to diagnose which combo of intervention strategies will best achieve the objectives

the steps are divided into two components - precede and proceed

predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling constructs in educational/ecological diagnosis and evaluation
-these phases are assessment/diagnostic

precede
phases 1-4

policy, regulatory, and organizational constructs in educational and environmental development
-these phases are implementation and evaluation

proceed
phases 5-8

what is phase 1 of PPM

social diagnosis and situational analysis

identify desirable outcomes
-quality of life

what is phase 2 of PPM

epidemiological diagnosis

and the behavioral and environmental diagnosis

identify desirable outcomes
-lifestyle, environment, health status

what is phase 3 of PPMeducational and ecological diagnosis identify education, skills & ecology required -predisposing factors -enabling factors -reinforcing factorswhat is phase 4 of PPMintervention alignment and administrative & policy diagnosis identify the administrative & financial policies needed -policies -resources -organization -service or programme componentswhat is phase 5 of PPMimplementation -what is the program intended to be -was it delivered in reality -what are the gaps between what was planned and what is occuringwhat is phase 6 of PPMprocess evaluationwhat is phase 7 of PPMimpact evaluationwhat is phase 8 of PPMoutcome evaluationdesigned to fill a gap inn health promotion practice by translating data collected in the precede phases of precede-proceed model into appropriate interventionsintervention mappingintervention mapping planners are guided by diagrams and matrices that incorporate ______ of the assessment process with relevant theory -these diagrams and matrices are the defining strength of intervention mappingoutputs3 foundations of intervention mappingprovides a framework for using theory and evidence-based practice uses a systems approach to affect systemic/multi-level change approaches change through agency in the environmentintervention mapping stepspreparing matrices of proximal program objectives select theory-based intervention methods and practical strategies produce program components and materials planning program adoption, implementation, and sustainability planning for evaluationstep 1 of IMneeds assessment -establish a planning group -conduct needs assessment using precede model -balance needs assessment with an assessment of community capacity -link the needs assessment to evaluation planning by establishing desired program outcomesMobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnerships (MAPP) goalaid city or county health departments -improve local public health system -mobilize local partnershipsMAPP utilizes a health _____ frameworkequityMAPP is currently being examined forrevisionMAPP emphasizes the integral role of _____ and ______broad stakeholders and community engagementwhat is the CDC's definition of evaluationthe systematic collection of info about the activities, characteristics, and outcome of programs to make adjustments about the program, improve the program, improve program effectiveness and/or inform decisions about future program developmentwhy conduct evaluationaccountability learning and improvement testing theories and mechanisms improving efficiencywhat are the key questions of process evaluation -evaluation of the process of implementing an interventiondid the intervention reach the target audience was the intervention implemented as intended did the intervention impact key theoretical mechanismshow do you assess reach in process evaluationwere you able to recruit your target audience -monitoring where and when your recruitment efforts occur -monitoring # of attempted contacts vs successful contacts -polling members of the target community regarding whether they heard of your program -comparing the # of people who ultimately enroll to the # of individuals potentially eligible in the communityhow do you assess fidelity in process evaluationwas the intervention delivered as intended -assessing provider training -coding observations or audio recordings of intervention sessions -monitoring frequency and length of intervention contact -assessing the degree to which participants understood the intervention -assessing contamination if there is more than one type of interventionhow do you assess mechanisms of change in process evaluationintermediate outcomes/mechanisms: supportive accountability weekly goal setting use of problem solving skills adherence to self-monitoring adherence to caloric intake and physical activity goalskey factors to consider when doing outcome evaluationmeasurement methods clinically-significant cut-offs what is success? -must be specific -must be pre-determined -secondary evaluations/analyses can be conducted, but only in the context of your original proposed resultswhat is involved in impact evaluationwhat are the long-term impacts of the intervention long-term follow up assessments ( 1 of 5 years after the end of treatment) community-level impact assessments (decrease in disease prevalence or rates of health risk behavior within a target population)What does RE-AIM stand for?Reach, Effectiveness/Efficacy, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenanceprocess evaluation deals with the actual process of implementing an intervention and is focused on program ______ and ______activities and feasibilityoutcome evaluation focuses on whether a program had the _______ effect that was hypothesizedimmediateimpact evaluation focuses on _____, ________ as a result of the program activities, both positive and negative, intended and unintended, such as community-level impact like health risk behavior rates within a target populationlong-term, sustained changesin process evaluation fidelity isquality the extent to which intervention was implemented as plannedin process evaluation what is dose delivered and dose receiveddose deivered is completeness dose received is exposure and satisfactionin process evaluation what is reachparticipation ratein process evaluation what is recruitmentprocedures used to approach and attract participants at individual or organizational levelsReach in RE-AIM isthe % of potentially eligible participants who were included, took part, and the extent to which they represented the population to be served by the programEfficacy in RE-AIM isimpact of the intervention on all participants who began the programadoption in RE-AIM isthe % of settings and intervention agents within the settings who were included, participated in the study, and their representatives of potential settings and afentsimplementation in RE-AIMthe extent to which the intervention was delivered as intendedmaintenance in RE-AIMextent to which the program becomes institutionalized and the long-term effectsthe RE-AIM model has been used to identify characteristics of interventions that may affect their ______ across settings and populationstranslationthe importance of the dimensions of RE-AIM is to assess these program characteristics to enhance the ability to determine whether a program is likely to produce the ______ effects in _______ populations and settingssame effects different populations and settingsvisualization of how something workslogic modelswhat are the different types of logic modelslogic models of theories logic models of factors influencing social/health problems process or road map logic models for interventions outcomes-focused logic modelslogic models provide a conceptual ______snapshotlogic models can serve as effective ______ toolscommunicationkey components of logic modelsinputs (or resources) activities outputs outcomes impactslogic model limitationslogic models make a theory/intervention clear and understandable - but not necessarily TRUE logic models are not intended to be static logic models are linear and may not fit non-linear changeswhich phases of precede-proceed model identifies the predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors for health behaviorsphase 3 : educational and ecological assessmentwhat stage of the precede-proceed model are sub-objectives first identifiedphase 2: epidemiological assessmentwhich type of evaluation is focused on whether your program was implemented as intendedprocessan evaluation of ____ describes the extent to which participants in your program were present and engaged with intervention activitiesdose receivedthe needs assessment step of IM follows the precede part of PPMtrue_______ use of process evaluation involves using the gathered data to fine-tune the programformative