Psych of Learning Final Exam

Simultaneous presentation of two or more independent schedules; each leading to reinforcer
Click the card to flip 👆
1 / 29
Terms in this set (29)
Simultaneous presentation of two or more independent schedules; each leading to reinforcer
Concurrent Schedule of Reinforcement
Example of a concurrent schedule
When a person has a choice between two or more schedules of reinforcement
States that when two or more operant responses can be used to obtain reinforcement, the rate of responding is in direct proportion to the level of reinforcement available through each response
Matching Law
If Damon obtains 80% of his sales from client A and 20% from client B, what predicts that he will choose to spend 80% of his time with client A?
Matching Law
Proportion of responses on richer schedule versus poorer schedule less different than would be predicted by matching. Very common. Little cost for switching from one schedule to another
Under matching
The amount of time it takes to switch from one schedule of reinforcement to another
Changeover Delay
On a concurrent schedule, one alternative attracts a higher proportion of responses than would be predicted by matching, regardless of which has a richer schedule. This demonstrates how _________ can influence preference
Biased
If a deer has a sore hoof, it will likely choose to stay in one field more because the effort needed to move to a second field would be too great
Overmatching
When an organism shifts its behavior toward higher value alternatives without regard to the effect on the overall level of reinforcement
Melioration Theory
1. Responding too much to alternatives that don't require a response
2. Overindulgence
3. Responding too much to alternatives that provide immediate reinforcement
Ways Melioration can reduce overall reinforcement
Choosing a smaller sooner reward over a larger later rewardImpulsivenessChoosing a larger later reward over a smaller sooner rewardDelay of Gratification1. Have a relapse prevention plan 2. Self-reinforcement and self-punishment 3. Repeatedely exposure to rewardsHow to increase self-controlModel's behavior witnessed by observer and observer's behavior is subsequently changedObservational LearningThe probability of behavior that changes because an individuals attention is drawn to a particular item or location by behavior of another individualStimulus EnhancementClassically conditioned emotional response that resorts from those emotional responses from othersVicarious Emotional ResponseTendency to imitate the model when theres no reinforcementGeneralized ImitationDuring a childhood camping trip, Barney was startled by a snake and became terrified of snakes. Over the years, he has been shocked on the hand from his phones charger. How he feels slightly uncomfortable when handling the charger. This difference in the level of fear that is caused by the two demonstrates ____Biological PreparednessA tendency to learn certain types of behavior or associate events more easily with each otherBiological PreparednessWhen you are more likely to associate relatively novel food with sickness than familiar itemLatent InhibitionHow many trial does it typically take for taste aversion conditioning occurOne TrialAccording to the concept of species-specific defense reaction, rats easily learn to run or freeze to avoid painful stimulation, simply because running and freezing are behaviors that are naturally elicited in dangerous situationsAttackingWhen operant behavior deteriorates despite continued reinforcement due to the elicitation of instinctive behaviorsInstinctive DriftIn the study by Breland and Breland the rooting that occurred to the coin was aConditioned ResponseThe tendency of an organism to approach a stimulus that signals the presentation of an appetitive event is known asSign TrackingThe fact that pigeons peck a key differently when the reinforcer is food as opposed to water is most readily explained in terms of Pavlov'sStimulus Substitution TheoryAn excessive pattern of behavior that emerges as a by-product of an intermittent schedule of reinforcement for some other behavior.Adjunctive BehaviorAn adjunctive behaviorSchedule-Induced PolydipsiaWhen are we more likely to attend to a model?A models whose behavior is being reinforced, when the model is similar to ones self, when reinforced for paying attention, when you can duplicate what the model is doing