Final Study Quiz

Pericardial thickness of greater than _____is suggestive of pericardial thickening.

2 mm
4 mm
3 mm
5 mm
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Pericardial thickness of greater than _____is suggestive of pericardial thickening.

2 mm
4 mm
3 mm
5 mm
4 mm
The preferred modality to diagnose situs inversus with dextrocardia is:

angiography
Ultrasound
MRI
CT
CT
Often seen after a car accident or direct trauma to the thorax, the CT image below is most suspicious for:

lung contusion
thyoma
situs inversus
air embolism
lung contusion
Image: Often seen after a car accident or direct trauma to the thorax, the CT image below is most suspicious for: lung contusion thyoma situs inversus air embolism
Precontrast CT images of an aortic dissection show

thrombosed false lumen with a normal attenuation value

thrombosed false lumen with a higher attenuation value

thrombosed false lumen with a lower attenuation value

CT imaging of an aortic dissection should never be performed
thrombosed false lumen with a higher attenuation value
_______ cancer is the leading cause of cancer related deaths in men and women in the United States.

Bladder
Stomach
Brain
Lung
Lung
What structure is the arrow pointing to?

Superior Sagittal Sinus
Septum Pallucidum
Genu of the Corpus Callosum
3rd Ventricle
Genu of the Corpus Callosum
Image: What structure is the arrow pointing to? Superior Sagittal Sinus Septum Pallucidum Genu of the Corpus Callosum 3rd Ventricle
What structure is the arrow pointing to?
Temporal Horn
Occipital Horn
Posterior Horn
Frontal Horn
Frontal Horn
Image: What structure is the arrow pointing to? Temporal Horn Occipital Horn Posterior Horn Frontal Horn
What structure is the arrow pointing to?
Right Vertebral Artery
Right Middle Cerebral Artery
Right Internal Carotid Artery
Right Posterior Cerebral Artery
Right Posterior Cerebral Artery
Image: What structure is the arrow pointing to? Right Vertebral Artery Right Middle Cerebral Artery Right Internal Carotid Artery Right Posterior Cerebral Artery
Which of the following has a strong role in the transition of short-term memory to long-term memory?

Amygdala
Mammillary bodies
Hippocampus
Cingulate gyrus
Hippocampus
Which basal cistern courses around the lateral surface of the midbrain?

Prepontine cistern
Ambient cistern
Cistern magna
Interpeduncular cistern
Ambient cistern
The arrows on this image are pointing at the: Xiphoid process Manubrium Suprasternal Notch RibsRibsThe arrow on this image is pointing at which vessel? Subclavian artery pulmonary vein Superior vena cava Internal jugular veinSuperior vena cavaThe thoracic duct empties into the: Left internal jugular vein Ascending aorta Left subclavian vein Azygos veinLeft subclavian veinIdentify the structure indicated by the arrow. Right Atrium Left Ventricle Right Ventricle Left AtriumRight VentricleThe functional unit of the respiratory system is the: Diaphragm Alveoli Visceral pleura Tertiary bronchiAlveoliA 52-year-old male fell down the stairs. Which pathology (-ies) are presented below? epidural hematoma subarachnoid hemorrhage subdural hematoma All of the abovesubarachnoid hemorrhageWhat do you think caused the patient to have a subarachnoid hemorrhage? cystic rupture arteriovenous malformation aneurysm superior sagittal sinus thrombosisaneurysmThis image demonstrates a significant midline shift and ventricular effacement close to the falx. What type of herniation is this? subfalcine tonsillar uncal extracranialsubfalcineA pediatric neurologist wants to evaluate the CSF and the soft tissue of an encephalocele. Should the physician order a CT or MRI?MRIA neurodegenerative condition caused by a loss of dopamine-secreting neurons in an area of the midbrain that causes tremors and motor impairment is: Dystonia Parkinson disease Wilson disease Huntington diseaseParkinson diseaseA 46 year old male presents to the ER after being involved in a MVA w/o a seat-belt. The patient presents with impaired ventilation, decreased 02 sats and is experiencing extreme chest pain. What type of chest injury does the images below best demonstrate? Adult respiratory distress syndrome flail chest tension pneumothorax empyemaflail chestThe image below demonstrates evidence of bullous emphysema respiratory distress syndrome pulmonary emboli Cystic fibrosisCystic fibrosisIdentify the most likely pathology seen on the CT image below. incisional hernia strangulated hernia diaphragmatic hernia inguinal herniadiaphragmatic herniaWhat is the term used to describe the insertion of a hypodermic needle through an intercostal space into the pleural cavity to obtain a sample of fluid or to remove blood or pus? hydrothorax chest tube insertion hemothorax thoracentesisthoracentesisThe cerebral hemispheres contain neural tissue arranged in numerous folds called: Lobes Gyri Fissures SulciGyriThe arrow on this image is pointing at which landmark? mental point nasion glabella acanthionacanthionThe ophthalmic artery branches off of which vessel? Internal carotid artery Anterior cerebral artery External carotid artery Middle cerebral arteryInternal carotid arteryWhich of the following is considered to be the brain's emotional control center? Hippocampus Mammillary bodies Cingulate gyrus AmygdalaCingulate gyrusA network of blood vessels located within the ventricular system that produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is the: Choroid plexus Arachnoid villi Basal cisterns Basal nucleiChoroid plexusIdentify the structure indicated by the arrow. Left Azygos Vein Root of the Aorta Pulmonary Trunk Left AtriumNOT Left Azygos Vein FOR SURE NOT Root of the aorta FOR SURE NOT Left Atrium NOT FOR SUREWhere is the thymus gland located? Anterior to the sternal angle Posterior to the xiphoid process Posterior to the manubrium Anterior to the hilumPosterior to the manubriumWhich vessel carries the majority of venous blood return from the heart muscle? Coronary sinus Anterior cardiac vein Middle cardiac vein Great cardiac veinCoronary sinusThe sinoatrial (SA) node is located in the: Interventricular septum near the coronary sinus Superior aspect of the right atrium Superior aspect of the left atrium Interatrial septum near the coronary sinusSuperior aspect of the right atriumA subdural hematoma causes an accumulation of blood in the epidural space between the dura and cranium? T/FFalseWhat type of herniation is shown in this sagittal image? extracranial tonsillar uncal subfalcinetonsillarA patient came to the radiology department for imaging studies of their brain. The patient history is headache and fever 4 days post root canal and crown due to an abscessed tooth. Which answer below is the best answer to describe the pathology based on the patient's symptoms and history? The pathology is a brain abscess because of the patient's history and the lesion is hyperintense to gray matter on T2-weighted images and there is ring-like enhancement on the post contrast images The pathology is a brain metastasis because of the patient's history and the lesion is hyperintense to gray matter on T2-weighted images and there is ring-like enhancement on the post contrast images The pathology is a glioblastoma multiforme because of the patient's history and the lesion is hyperintense to gray matter on T2-weighted images and there is ring-like enhancement on the post contrast images with the necrotic tissue as hypointenseThe pathology is a brain abscess because of the patient's history and the lesion is hyperintense to gray matter on T2-weighted images and there is ring-like enhancement on the post contrast imagesA CT scan of a patient with bullous emphysema will demonstrate ______of the lungs. hypoinflation hyperinflation normal inflationhyperinflationA 30 year old African American male presents to the ER with dyspnea, cough, chest pain and hemoptysis. Based on this clinical history and the CT scan what is a reasonable assumption of disease? Hodgkin disease sarcoidosis pulmonary effusion pulmonary embolisarcoidosisThis image below demonstrates a: MRI of an aortic dissection MRI of an aortic coarctation CT of an aortic coarctation CT of an aortic dissectionCT of an aortic coarctationIdentify the most likely pathology seen on the CT image below. aortic tear diaphragmatic hernia lung contusion pneumothoraxpneumothoraxFrom inferior to superior, what are the parts of the brainstem? pons, midbrain, medulla pons, medulla, midbrain medulla, pons, midbrain midbrain, pons, medullamedulla, pons, midbrainWhich structure modulates the activities of the anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary gland? Thalamus Internal capsule Claustrum HypothalamusHypothalamusWhich basal cistern courses around the lateral surface of the midbrain? Cistern magna Prepontine cistern Ambient cistern Interpeduncular cisternAmbient cisternIdentify the structure indicated by the arrow. Interventricular Septum Atrium Left Descending Coronary Artery Coronary VeinInterventricular SeptumWhich vessels carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart? bronchial veins pulmonary veins pulmonary arteries bronchial arteriespulmonary veinsWhich structure is considered the pacemaker of the heart? Sinoventricular (SV) node Sinoatrial (SA) node Atrioventricular (AV) node Bundle of HisSinoatrial (SA) nodeIn most people, which of the following arteries arise from the aortic arch? A. Brachiocephalic Artery B. Left Subclavian Artery C. Right Subclavian Artery D. Left Common Carotid ArteryA, B, DIdentify the structure indicated by the arrow. Descending Aorta Thymus Carina Ascending AortaAscending AortaAn ischemic stroke is usually caused by a venous stenosis an embolism in a major cerebral artery. a concussionan embolism in a major cerebral artery.A high-resolution CT of the chest demonstrates honeycombing in the peripheral lung basis. This imaging characteristic is most often consistent with_____. Pulmonary fibrosis Asbestosis Sarcoidosis HistoplasmosisPulmonary fibrosisCardiac tamponade is a potentially lethal condition because the heart volume is increasingly compromised by: the fluid outside the heart but inside the pericardial cavity the fluid outside the heart and outside the percardial cavity the fluid inside the heart but outside the pericardial cavity fluid inside the heart and pericardial cavitythe fluid outside the heart but inside the pericardial cavityThe superior cerebellar peduncles connect the cerebellum to the: Pons Midbrain Cerebral cortex Medulla oblongataMidbrainThe layer of meninges closely adhering to the brain tissue is the: Pia mater Choroid plexus Arachnoid Dura materPia materWhat structure is the arrow pointing to? Left External Carotid Artery Right Internal Carotid Artery Right External Carotid Artery Left Internal Carotid ArteryLeft Internal Carotid ArteryAs the transverse sinuses pass through the tentorium cerebelli, they become which sinus? Superior sagittal Straight Inferior sagittal SigmoidSigmoidThe large indentation on the medial surface of the left lung is termed the _____ notch. Hilar Cardiophrenic Costophrenic CardiacCardiacIdentify the structure indicated by the arrow. Carina Esophagus IVC Azygos VeinAzygos VeinIdentify the structure indicated by the arrow. Left Mainstem Bronchus Right Mainstem Bronchus Right Pulmonary Artery Left Pulmonary ArteryLeft Mainstem BronchusIdentify the structure indicated by the arrow. Thymus Azygos Vein Carina TracheaCarinaA glioblastoma is a slow growing benign tumor arising from the meninges. True FalseFalseIn the images below, there is a pituitary adenoma present. True FalseTrueA patient had a CT scan that showed a crescent-shaped extra-axial hemorrhage. What is the pathology? brain herniation subdural hematoma Arachnoid cyst epidural hematomasubdural hematomaWhat is the modality of choice for imaging pulmonary metastatic disease? MRI Echocardiography CT UltrasoundCTWhat lung disease is most likely to present in a middle aged men who worked in Navy shipyards or around asbestos. Pulmonary embolism Sarcoidosis Mesothelioma Bullous emphysemaMesotheliomaPatients with this pathology usually present with pursed-lip breathing, chest hyperinflation, reduced breath sounds, and hyper-resonant to percussion. The most common risk factor for this pathology is smoking and it is best evaluated on CT. diaphragmatic hernia lung contusion pneumothorax emphysemaemphysemaThe primary visual cortex is located in the _____ lobe. Parietal Occipital Temporal FrontalOccipitalWhich anatomical landmark is just above the nose and between the eyebrows? mental point glabella nasion acanthionglabellaThe central portion of each lateral ventricle is called the _____ . atrium horn body trigonebodyWhich chamber of the heart typically has thicker and more muscular walls? left atria right ventricle right atria left ventricleleft ventricleWhich chamber of the heart receives the pulmonary veins? Right ventricle Left ventricle Left atrium Right atriumLeft atriumChoose the correct imaging characteristics of the brain neoplasm. The CT and the T2-weighted MRI images are from the same patient. The third ventricle is displaced hyperintense lesion on T1-weighted images hypodense lesion on CT that is midline hyperintense lesion on T2-weighted imageThe third ventricle is displaced hypodense lesion on CT that is midline hyperintense lesion on T2-weighted imageIdentify the most likely pathology seen on the CT image below. pulmonary metastatic disease bullous emohysema sarcoidosis pulmonary embolipulmonary metastatic diseaseWhich limbic system structures are responsible for smell, aggression and sexual behavior? amygdalae mamillary bodies fornices hippocampiamygdalaeWhich is the most posterior portion of the corpus callosum? Splenium Rostrum Genu BodySpleniumWhat structure is the arrow pointing to? Pericallosal Artery Basilar Artery Anterior Cerebral Artery Vertebral ArteryBasilar ArteryThe arrow is pointing to the structure within the lateral ventricle which produces CSF. Identify the structure. Fornix Falx Choroid Plexus 3rd ventricleChoroid PlexusWhich immune system structure of the superior mediastinum is most active in the early stages of life and atrophies during the early teen years? thymus spleen thyroid cisterna chylithymusIdentify the structure indicated by the arrow. Pulmonary Trunk Esophagus Descending Aorta Azygos VeinDescending AortaWhich is the most posterior vessel arising from the arch of the aorta? Right common carotid artery Left subclavian artery Brachiocephalic trunk Right subclavian arteryLeft subclavian arteryIdentify the most likely pathology seen on the CT image below. pleural effusion mesothelioma pulmonary emboli sarcoidosispleural effusionIn reference to a patient with cystic fibrosis; match each modality to the characteristic in which that modality would be most useful in evaluating.chest or abdominal CT scan helps determine the severity of cystic fibrosis chest x-ray to evaluate for dilated airways containing mucus chest and abdominal MRI can help assess damage caused by cystic fibrosis abdominal ultrasound pancreas liver gallbladderA retired factory worker complains of persistent chest pain and shortness of breath. The CT scan demonstrates evidence of calcified pleural plaque and lobulated pleural thickening. The pathology report from a CT guided biopsy returned as discrete areas of fibrosis. Based on the patient's history, CT scan and the pathology report, what is the most likely diagnosis? Hodgkin's disease asbestos-related mesothelioma pulmonary metastatic disease pulmonary emboliasbestos-related mesotheliomaThe insula is considered part of the: Brainstem Basal ganglia Cerebral cortex CerebellumCerebral cortexA physician is concerned about a newborn having crainosynostosis. Would a CT or MRI benefit the patient more to diagnose the condition? MRI or CTCTWhich sinus empties into the internal jugular veins? inferior sagittal sigmoid superior sagittal occipitalsigmoidWhat is the basic unit of pulmonary structure and function called? Interstitial tissue Acini Secondary pulmonary lobule Segmental bronchiNOT Acini NOT Segmental bronchiWhich of the following are functions of the pericardium? (multiple correct answers) to lubricate the surface of the heart to keep the heart from enlarging to protect the heart from shock to hold the heart to the chest wallto protect the heart from shock to lubricate the surface of the heart to hold the heart to the chest wallIdentify the structure indicated by the arrow. Left Pulmonary Artery Left Mainstem Bronchus Left Atrium Left Pulmonary VeinLeft Pulmonary ArteryWhich vessel supplies blood to the left atrium and ventricle? Right subclavian artery Left coronary artery Left subclavian artery Right coronary arteryLeft coronary arteryA boxer was knocked out in a fight and taken to the hospital. You performed an emergent CT on the patient and no underlying pathology was found. The patient has been in the emergency room for 8 hours and is still unresponsive. What are the possible patient outcomes? since the patient was unconscious for more than 6 hours, the patient may suffer from a brain injury the patient has no prior history of a brain injury so the physician determines that the patient will make a full recovery since the patient has only been unconscious for 8 hours, a brain injury is suspectedsince the patient was unconscious for more than 6 hours, the patient may suffer from a brain injuryWhat structure is the arrow pointing to? Third Ventricle Fourth Ventricle Vermis Lateral VentricleFourth VentricleWhat structure is the arrow pointing to? Pericallosal artery Superior Sagittal Sinus Vein of Galen Internal Jugular VeinSuperior Sagittal SinusIdentify the structure indicated by the arrow. Right Oblique Lung Fissure Right Pulmonary Artery Azygos vein Right Pulmonary VeinRight Oblique Lung FissureIdentify the structure indicated by the arrow. Right Pulmonary Artery Pulmonary Trunk Right Azygos Vein Right Mainstem BronchusRight Pulmonary ArteryIdentify the pathology that is a plug like structure within the pulmonary artery indicated by the white arrow. granuloma pulmonary effusion atelectasis pulmonary embolismpulmonary embolismWhere is the lingula located within the lungs? Inferoposterior surface of the left lung Inferoanterior surface of the right lung Inferoanterior surface of the left lung Inferoposterior surface of the right lungInferoanterior surface of the left lungThe most common type of congenital vascular malformation are arteriovenous malformations. T/FTrueWhat structure is the arrow pointing to? 4th ventricle corpus callosum vermis Quadrigeminal CisternQuadrigeminal CisternThe arrows in this image are pointing to which brainstem structure? medulla thalamus midbrain ponsponsWhich of the following is not part of the circle of Willis? Anterior cerebral artery Posterior cerebral artery Anterior communicating artery Middle cerebral arteryMiddle cerebral arteryWhich muscles are located between the tubercle and angle of the ribs and help to elevate the ribs during respiration? Pectoralis major and minor Subclavius Serratus anterior and posterior Levatores costarumLevatores costarumOn MRI images, a thymoma: Appears as low signal on T2 weighted-images appear as hyperdense images Is seen as a jagged mass Appears as low to intermediate signal similar to skeletal muscle on a T1 weighted imageAppears as low to intermediate signal similar to skeletal muscle on a T1 weighted imageWhich of the following is an almond-shaped mass of gray matter located deep within the parahippocampal gyrus anterior to the hippocampus? Cingulate gyrus Hippocampus Mammillary bodies AmygdalaAmygdalaWhich vessel does the circumflex artery branch from? Posterior descending artery Right coronary artery Left anterior descending artery Left coronary arteryLeft coronary arteryWhich structure closely covers the outer surface of the lung? Interstitial septa Visceral pleura Parietal pleura LingulaVisceral pleuraWhat is the most inferior portion of the sternum? suprasternal notch xiphoid process body manubriumxiphoid processWhich meningeal layer forms sheet-like folds, or reflections, that divide portions of the brain? dura mater supra mater pia mater arachnoid materdura materWhich is the largest bundle of white matter found between the cerebral hemispheres? neuronal cortex corpus callosum anterior commissure posterior commissurecorpus callosumWhich closed, sterile cavity is centrally located in the thorax, located between the thoracic vertebral column and the sternum? dorsal mediastinum pleural visceralmediastinum