stomal layer of conjuctivaouter layer - lymphocytes + plasma cells (wbcs)
deep fibrous - accessory lac glands (krause + wolfring)
+ blood vessels, lymphatics, nerveskrause where locatedaqueous, forniceal conjuctivawolfring where locatedpalpebral conj, aqueousbulbar conj innervated bylong ciliary nervepalpebral and forniceal conj supplied bypalpebral arcadesbulbar conj supplied byanterior and posterior conjuctival arteriesblood drainage of conjuctivaconj veins -> superior and inferior opthalmic veinsIs the cornea vascular or avascular?AVASCULAR5 layers of corneaepithelium
bowmans
stroma
descentments
endothelialbasal cell - mitosis, limbal stem cells replace cells
wing cells - transition, 2-3 layers
surface cells - non-keratinized squamousendotheliumbasemement membrane collagentype 4anchor hemidesmosomes to underlying ct
collagen typetype 7 collagenbowmans what collagentype iwhat layers dont regeneratebowmans and endotheliumcollagen in stroma of corneaType 1 -- same as Bowman's
very uniformly spaced --- allows for transparency, unifromly shapedtype V collagen in corneauniform diametertype vi collagen in corneastabilizes keratocytes present in stromawhat gives descentment's layer elastin propertytype VIII and type IV collagenthickening at descentment's peripheryschwable's lineconnects endothelial cells to stroma in a WEAK attachmentdescement's membranebetween stroma and descentmentsdua's layeronly transparent tissue in body (3)corenea
crystalline lens
vitreousuniform spacing (transparency of cornea)goldman and bendekuniform diametermaurice's lattice theory___% water content in stroma78%layer if damaged leads to scarringstromacornea innervationlong ciliary nervewhere cornea gets nourishment from since avascularaqueous humor
lesser from limbal capillaries + tear filmwhere cornea gets oxygen fromatmospheric oxygen
lesser from: aqueous jumor + limbal capillariesmeiobian glands
how relate to mucocutaneous junction + gray lineanterior: gray line
meibomian
posterior: mucocutaneous junctionmucocutaneous junctionthe transitional area where the skin and mucous membrane meetmeibum secreted by what method from aciniholocrine to central ductmeibomian glands locationvertically along eyelid margingoblet cell locationnasal and inferior nasal region of conjuctivawhat secretion helps secrete gel forming mucins (glycoproteins) from goblet cellsapocrine or merocrine (MUC5AC)mucin secretion regulated byneural control
stimulation of sensory nerve (cn5) contribute to secretionkrause and wolfring secrete aqueous by what methodmerocrinehorners muscle innervationorbicularis oculi (7)join puncta to lacrimal saclacriminal canaliculusampulladilation at base of the lacrimal canilculus (vertical)valve of rosenmuller (in common caniculus)angel at which canaliculus enters lacrimal sac produces physiologica valve to prevent flow bavck up into canaiculusvalve of hasnerin membraneous /meatal, prevents flow from meatus to nasal cavityblood supply to nasolacrimal apparatusangular, infraorbital, dorsonasal
AIDlacirmal artery blood supplylacrimal arterylacrimal gland innervated bylacrimal nerve (V1)motor of lacrimal glandparasympatheticmotor of horner's muscleCN VII
temporal and zygmatic branchesrole of horner's musclemove tearssclera made of
wht collagenct
type onelayers of sclera outer to innerepisclera (outer)
sclera
lamina fuscasclera considered avascular, but what part of sclera is vascularizedepiscleraepisclera
sclera
ct typeepisclera: loose ct (inner to tenon's)
sclera: thick, dense ctepisclera is inner totenon'slamina fusca is adjacent tochoroidanterior aperature (sclera)anterior ciliary arteries + long ciliary nerve (axenfeld loop)middle aperature scleravortex veinposterior aperaturenear scleral canal (posterior forament)
short posterior ciliary artery, long posterior ciliary artery, short ciliary nerves, long ciliary nerveslamina cribosaweakest part of scleraposterior foramen of sclerahole for central artery, central vein, optic nerve fibersblood supply scleraepiscleral arterial circle
lovated in episclerablood drainage scleraepiscleral veins -> sup and inferior opthalmic beininnervation of scleraposterior sclera: short ciliary neves
anterior sclera: long ciliary nervessclera thinnestjust under rectus muscles before insertionwhen could sclera appear blueif thin
(age, infants, collagen disease)when may sclera appear yellowFA buildup or liver disease (jaundice)transition between cornea and conjuctiva/tenon's capsule/scleralimbuswhat layers terminate at limbusdescemets
bowman'sboundaries corneoscleral limbusa line connecting termination of bowman's layer to desemet's
line perp to surface of glove passing through scleral spurpalisades of vogt are radial projections ofconjuctival stromalimbal cryptsthickened conjuctival epitheliummain function to provide nutrients + remove waste from outer retinal layers (RPE + photoreceptors)choroidthree regions outer to innersuprachoroid
stroma
choricocapillariessuprachoroidspace between choroid + sclerashort posterior ciliary arteries, long posterior ciliary arteries, anterior ciliary arteries + vortex veins pass radially through thestroma of the choroidhallers layerlarge vessels (outer)sattlers layersmaller vesselschoricocapillary propertiessingle layer of anastomosing capillaries (wide lumen so 2-3 RBC can travel through)
endothelial cells highly fenestrated --> a lot of nutrients are able to pass through
high blood flow for photoreceptors
pericytes
lobular patternwhere are choricocapillaries densestfoveabruch's membrane outer to innerendothelial of choricoapillaries
outer collagen
elastin
inner collagen
retinal pigement epitheliumsensory innervation choroidlong ciliary nervesympathetic innervation of choroidconstrictionparasympathetic innervationvasodilation
