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Larson Arch history test 2 part 3 (87)

Terms in this set (87)

Describe how Wright achieved a two-story living area in the apartments in his proposed tower for St. Mark's in the Bowrie:
Cantilevered floors off single core, allowed for two story spaces
_________________ is noted as the first American architect to completely eschew the use of all ornament in his designs in favor of an asymmetrical massing of rectilinear forms with smooth, white-washed walls with frameless windows.
Gill
________________ is best known for his eclecticism, being able to synthesize a diverse collection of stylistic elements with the technology of the day, including such off-the-shelf materials as industrial metal sash and sheet asbestos panels.
Maybeck
The term that best describes the style of buildings designed by Bernard Maybeck is:
Eclecticism
The type of California house that influenced the work of Greene and Greene was known as the:
Bungalow
Describe "knit-block" construction:
Decorative concrete blocks stacked on top of eachother
One of the major differences between the houses designed by Wright and those designed by Greene and Greene was that Wright used ____________ (type of) roofs while Greene and Greene used _____________ roofs.
hipped, gabled
"There is something very restful and satisfying to my mind in the simple cube house with creamy walls, sheer and plain, rising boldly into the sky, unrelieved by cornices or overhang of roof," is a quote by _____________ which describes his inner feelings of his residential designs.
Gill
List three precautions Wright designed into the Imperial Hotel in anticipation of seismic action.
-Tapered walls
-Friction pile foundation
-Flexible connections
The architect recognized as the master of the early California "bungalow" in which sensuously-detailed wood construction and deep overhanging balconies were used was _______________.
Greene & Greene
________________ is the name of Wright's compound in Spring Green.
Taliesin
The architect of the proposed Leningrad Pravda Building in Moscow was ________________.
Vesnin Brothers
The architect of the Rusakov Worker's Club was _______________.
Melnikov
Name two avant-garde art movements which emerged in Russia just prior to the Russian revolution and the respective leader of each.
-Suprematism: Malevich
-Constructivism: Tatlin
Name the two avant-garde architecture movements that emerged in Russia during the leadership of Lenin and an architect from each.
-Rationalism: Ladovsky
-Constructivism: Tatlin
The spiraling design for the proposed Monument to the Third International was conceived by _______________.
Tatlin
Constructivist architecture was primarily a product of this country:
Russia
_________________ was the design school in Communist Russia that preceded the Bauhaus.
VK
Name a Russian Suprematist painter:
Malevich
"Prouns," ideograms with a Utopian content, were conceived by _______________.
Lissitzky
What is a "corner counter-relief"?
Sculpture installed in corner of room, no front axis
What rationalist approach was manifested in Melnikov's design of the 1925 USSR pavilion?
Diagonals to make it appear larger
Who was the first to make "architectons"?
Malevich
The Leningrad Pravda Building for Moscow was a project designed by _______________.
Vesnin Brothers
The competition devised by the Soviets as a response to the Chicago Tribune Building competition was:
Palace of Labor Competition
Describe three details in the Vesnin's Palace of Labor that identify it as a Constructivist building:
-Exposed Machinery
-Rayonism
-Asymmetrical
-Exposed Machinery-Rayonism-Asymmetrical
_______________ was the architect invited by Gropius to give the keynote speech at the Bauhaus Week of 1923?
Oud
Name two abstract painters who played a major role in the aesthetic change in the Bauhaus curriculum:
-Mondrian
-Van Doesburg
What typeface/font was used in Bauhaus publications after the arrival of Moholy-Nagy?
Sans Serif
What two avant-garde artists were credited by Larson as being somewhat responsible for the change in its teaching ideology/pedagogy from Expressionism to Abstract formalism?
-Mondrian
-Van Doesburg
Van Doesburg's term for the new way he composed space as a continuous, but non-linear flow of space was ____________.
Neo-Plasticism
"Towards a Plastic Architecture" was written by _____________.
Van Doesburg
What was the difference in how Wright approached the design of his interiors and how van Doesburg designed his interiors?
Wright: continuous flow of space
Van Doesburg: copied Wright's forms but didn't understand reason for them
Neo-Plasticism is a term associated with what movement?
De Stijl
The De Stijl movement received much of its initial impetus from the non-objective paintings by:
Mondrian
Describe the spatial sequence implied in the paintings by Van Doesburg:
Continuous free flowing space defined by non-touching planes
Name a De Stijl painter:
Mondrian
The Red-Blue Chair was designed by _______________.
Rietveld
The Schröder House was designed by _______________.
Rietveld
Describe the changes made in the first-year design at the Bauhaus made when Maholy-Nagy replaced Itten as the teacher.
Moved from expressionist to machinist style
What was the major design difference between Mies' Concrete and Brick Country House projects?
Concrete: separate bays, voids in space between
Brick Country: continuous planes/space, voids cut out
The German term used by German designers after WWI who relied solely on realism and functionalism to describe their work was _______________.
Neue Sachlichkeit
The objective of the Vorkurs (foundation course) at the Bauhaus was _____________.
Give everyone a foundation in design, get everyone on same level
The German term that describes the spirit of Mies' Concrete Office Building of 1923 was:
Neue Sachlichkeit
What architectural theoretician was responsible for the shift in design theory away from Expressionism at the Weimar Bauhaus?
Maholy-Nagy
Marcel Breuer is best known for the design of the ______________ chair while working at the Bauhaus.
Wassily
The 'Wassily' chair was designed by ________________.
Breuer
The Dutch architect known for his sachlich housing projects was ________________.
Oud
_____________ was the leading theoretician of the De Stijl movement.
Van Doesburg
The architect in overall charge of planning the 1927 Weissenhof Siedlung was _______________.
Mies
_______________ was the major building type that brought the International Style to the forefront of German design in the 1920s.
Apartment housing
When Walter Gropius assembled his faculty for the Bauhaus School, he drew many of them from which field of expertise?
Painting
______________ was the director of the trade/design school in Weimar when its name was changed to the Staatliches Bauhaus.
Gropius
The event most responsible for the philosophical switch at the Bauhaus from Expressionism to "The New Architecture" was _______________.
Maholy-Nagy replacing Itten
Define Neue Sachlichkeit.
Realism and functionalism with no need of art
Describe Mies' spatial order in his designs of 1923-1929.
Asymmetry and defining space through arrangement of free standing planes within rectilinear order
The Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg Monument was designed by _______________.
Mies
The first building designed by Corbusier that incorporated pilotis was ______________.
Villa Savoye
The original purpose of the Dom-ino system was to ________________.
Cheap, quick housing because of WWI
What was the elevational design advantage of the Dom-ino system? Was this the first realization of this advantage?
Free walls and facades because of cantilever; no, Root did it first
Why did Le Corbusier use ramps in the interiors of his early houses?
So as not to break flow of space
List two influences on Corbusier's interest in the two-story living space:
-Parisian art studio
-Parisian restaurant
"A machine for living in" is a concept associated with the work of _________________.
Le Corbusier
What three major architectural figures worked in Peter Behrens' office?
-Gropius
-Mies
-Le Corbusier
List Corbusier's Five Points of a New Architecture:
-Free plan
-Free facade
-Ribbon window
-Pilotis
-Roof Garden
Le Corbusier used this term to describe the spatial sequence in his buildings:
Architectural promenade
Le Corbusier worked for what two major European figures in pre-WWI Europe which had a marked influence on his career?
-Perret
-Behrens
The golden section as an ordering system was best represented in the work of what architect we studied
this period?
Le Corbusier
_________________ was the term Le Corbusier and Ozenfant chose for their painting style, which was a conscious rejection of much of what Cubism represented.
Purism
"Towards an Architecture" was written by ______________.
Le Corbusier
Who was Gregor Paulsson?
Swedish social reformer/art historian, wanted to change design for middle class, influenced Asplund towards functionalism
The Theme of the 1930 Stockholm Exhibition was _______________.
Functionalism/Swedish Arts and Crafts
The building designed by Aalto that best represents his interpretation of Corbu's five points is the _____________.
Turun Sanomat
What was the inspiration for Aalto's design of the interior of the Finnish pavilion at the 1939 World's Fair?
Northern lights
What did Aalto say the reason was for his incorporating a courtyard in many his projects?
Giving his clients something for nothing
List two design decisions Aalto made in consideration of the comfort of the patients at the Paimio Sanitarium:
-Noiseless sinks
-Lights avoid glare
Aalto's first International Style building was the ____________.
-Turun Sanomat
Aalto's first use of the undulating surface of wood slats was in what building?
Viipuri Library
The bent-wood "Paimio chair" was designed by ____________.
Aalto
What new science apparently had a great influence on Asplund's designs?
Psychology
Why did Asplund incorporate spaces with skewed (non-parallel) walls in his early houses?
Psychological perception changes (forced perspective), user oriented composition
The name of the firm founded by Maire and Hary Gullichsen to market Aalto-designed home furnishings is _____________.
Artek
Describe the two design criteria used by Aalto to determine the longitudinal section of the meeting hall in the library in Viipuri.
-Acoustics
-Hierarchy in seating
Describe Aalto's use of colors on the exterior of the Paimio Sanitarium.
White building, color "bleeds" wherever he cuts surface
Which space is used by Aalto as the high point or visual anchor of the massing composition in Villa Mairea?
Studio
"Towards an Architecture" was written by ______________.
Le Corbusier
List Corbusier's Five Points of a New Architecture:
-Free plan
-Free facade
-Ribbon window
-Pilotis
-Roof Garden
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