Biology Study Island - Homeostasis and Transport

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Homeostasis is the regulation of metabolic processes within an organism in order to maintain the stable internal conditions required for life.The human respiratory system includes the nose, the larynx, and the lungs. This body system helps maintain homeostasis by
A. regulating hormone levels in the body.
B. enabling gas exchange in the body.
C. removing solid waste from the body.
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Terms in this set (34)
Homeostasis is the regulation of metabolic processes within an organism in order to maintain the stable internal conditions required for life.The human respiratory system includes the nose, the larynx, and the lungs. This body system helps maintain homeostasis by
A. regulating hormone levels in the body.
B. enabling gas exchange in the body.
C. removing solid waste from the body.
B. enabling gas exchange in the body.
Aquatic mammals, such as seals and dolphins, are able to stay submerged in water for long periods of time because of the mammalian diving reflex. When submerged in cold water, and while the mammal is holding its breath, receptors in the nasal cavity and other areas of the face relay a message to the brain that causes blood to only circulate between the heart and the brain. This allows oxygen to be conserved and increases the time aquatic mammals can stay underwater between breaths. The mammalian diving reflex is an example of what process?
A. autoimmune response
B. homeostasis
C. respiration
B. homeostasis
Homeostasis is classified under which of the following?
A. transcription
B. photosynthesis
C. cell regulation
C. cell regulation
Materials are able to move across a cell membrane through one of two methods: active transport or passive transport. What is the difference between active transport and passive transport?
A. Active transport requires the cell to expend energy, while passive transport does not.
B. Active transport is the only form of transport that requires the use of protein carriers.
C. Active transport requires the cell to form vesicles, while passive transport requires the use of membrane pumps.
A. Active transport requires the cell to expend energy, while passive transport does not.
Which of the following are forms of cell regulation?
enzyme activity
osmosis
diffusion
A. I and III only
B. I and II only
C. I, II, and III
C. I, II, and III
The cell membrane, or plasma membrane, is made up of a lipid bilayer in which hydrophilic heads face outward and hydrophobic tails face inward.

This arrangement within the cell membrane allows it to
A. control the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
B. keep out all viral and bacterial infections.
C. absorb water from the cytoplasm whenever necessary.
A. control the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
Image: The cell membrane, or plasma membrane, is made up of a lipid bilayer in which hydrophilic heads face outward and hydrophobic tails face inward. This arrangement within the cell membrane allows it to A. control the movement of substances in and out of the cell. B. keep out all viral and bacterial infections. C. absorb water from the cytoplasm whenever necessary.
During heatstroke, the body can't dispose of excess heat. As a result, the homeostatic balance is disturbed, and internal body temperatures can reach as much as 110°.Heatstroke is dangerous to people primarily because
A. cells can't function properly at high temperatures.
B. blood pressure becomes too low.
C. blood vessels may rupture.
A. cells can't function properly at high temperatures.
All cells have a protective barrier that is formed of proteins and a lipid bilayer. What is the name of this barrier?
A. cell membrane
B. cytoplasm
C. phospholipid barrier
A. cell membrane
Mary sprays perfume in one corner of the classroom. Right after she sprays the perfume, the perfume molecules are concentrated in that corner of the room.

Which of the following images shows how the perfume molecules will most likely look after ten minutes have passed, if the system is not affected by outside forces?W.X.Y.Z.
A. W
B. Z
C. Y
A. W
Image: Mary sprays perfume in one corner of the classroom. Right after she sprays the perfume, the perfume molecules are concentrated in that corner of the room. Which of the following images shows how the perfume molecules will most likely look after ten minutes have passed, if the system is not affected by outside forces?W.X.Y.Z. A. W B. Z C. Y
Which of the following types of passive transport involves water molecules moving from a high concentration to a low concentration?
A. simple diffusion
B. filtration
C. osmosis
C. osmosis
In the human body, when the blood sugar level rises, a hormone known as insulin is released by the pancreas. This hormone speeds up the movement of sugar out of the blood, so the blood sugar level decreases and returns to equilibrium. This is an example of A. gene expression. B. natural selection. C. a feedback mechanism.C. a feedback mechanism.Normal homeostatic conditions require potassium concentrations to be about 1000 times higher inside the cell than in the blood. What mechanism does a cell use to move these small potassium molecules into the cell against the concentration gradient? A. active transport by proteins B. passive transport by diffusion C. active transport by endocytosisA. active transport by proteinsEmphysema is a health condition in which the lungs can no longer expel carbon dioxide normally. As a result, a person who has emphysema may have high blood acidity levels. The body process that would attempt to return the blood pH to normal so that cells could function properly is called _______. A. homeostasis B. acidosis C. active transportA. homeostasisWhich of the following is a function of the cell membrane of a cell? A. The transport of genetic material within the cytoplasm of the cell. B. The transport of molecules into and out of the cell through osmosis and diffusion. C. The production of genetic material through DNA transcription.B. The transport of molecules into and out of the cell through osmosis and diffusion.Examine the following diagrams of plant cells. Each cell has been placed in a different solution.1 23The cell in diagram 2 has been placed in a solution that contains _______ the interior of the cell. A. the same concentration of water as B. water that is warmer than C. a lower concentration of water thanA. the same concentration of water asCells use __________ to take in large molecules or other cells. A. active transport by endocytosis B. active transport by carrier proteins C. passive transport by diffusionA. active transport by endocytosisWhich of the following types of passive transport involves the movement of molecules via special transport proteins? A. filtration B. facilitated diffusion C. osmosisB. facilitated diffusionEpinephrine is a hormone released from the adrenal gland of the body, most often in a stressful situation. It is known as the "fight-or-flight" hormone. One way that it causes a response in the body is to activate receptors on muscle cells. Where are these cellular receptors located? A. around the mitochondria B. on the cell wall C. on the cell membraneC. on the cell membraneWhich of the following types of passive transport involves the movement of water and solute molecules due to hydrostatic pressure? A. facilitated diffusion B. filtration C. simple diffusionB. filtrationExamine the illustration below. Which of the following types of cellular transport is illustrated in the picture? A. diffusion B. endocytosis C. exocytosisC. exocytosisThere are two main ways in which molecules are transported into and out of cells - active transport and passive transport. Which of the following statements is true of passive transport? A. Molecules move up a concentration gradient during passive transport. B. Carrier proteins are sometimes used during passive transport. C. Endocytosis and exocytosis are two forms of passive transport.B. Carrier proteins are sometimes used during passive transport.Permeability is the condition of being capable of having materials flow into and out of a membrane. The permeability of a cell membrane is determined by how easily a molecule can diffuse across the membrane. Usually, only molecules that are fat-soluble can permeate across a cell membrane. Why is this the case? A. Water-soluble molecules are too large. B. Cell membranes are composed of a lipid bilayer. C. Cell membranes are composed of cytosol.B. Cell membranes are composed of a lipid bilayer.How is homeostasis important to the survival of organisms? A. Homeostasis makes all organisms hibernate. B. Homeostasis allows organisms to regulate their temperature. C. Homeostasis helps organisms locate food.B. Homeostasis allows organisms to regulate their temperature.The Golgi apparatus helps to maintain cellular homeostasis by A. controlling which proteins are synthesized during the cell cycle. B. synthesizing ATP molecules from glucose during glycolysis. C. modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins prior to transport.C. modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins prior to transport.Materials essential to life processes move across a cell membrane through a variety of methods. What cell membrane structure allows water-soluble materials to be passively transported to the cytoplasm? A. carrier proteins B. endocytosis vesicles C. Golgi complex vesiclesA. carrier proteinsIf the water concentration inside a cell is higher than the water concentration outside the cell, water flows out of the cell. This method of molecular transport is called A. osmosis. B. a sodium pump. C. endocytosis.A. osmosis.Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane in which water moves from a solution containing a low concentration of solute to what kind of solution? A. a solution containing the same amount of solute B. a solution containing only the solute C. a solution containing a high concentration of soluteC. a solution containing a high concentration of soluteAn organism's ability to maintain a stable internal environment in the midst of external environmental change is known as A. metabolism. B. homeostasis. C. commensalism.B. homeostasis.The ________ essentially aids in cellular homeostasis by providing the main transport mechanism for proteins within the cell. A. mitochondrion B. Golgi apparatus C. endoplasmic reticulumC. endoplasmic reticulumThe components of the human body, from organ systems to cell organelles, interact to maintain a balanced internal environment. To successfully accomplish this task, organisms possess many different receptors that detect deviations in the body's internal state and initiate corrective actions. In which of the following ways does the body respond to an increase in skeletal muscle cell activity? by increasing the heart rate by increasing the respiratory rate by producing less hemoglobin by converting white bloods cells to red blood cellsby increasing the heart rate by increasing the respiratory rateWhich of the following best describes the process of diffusion? A. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration caused by an input of energy to the system. B. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of lower concentration to one of higher concentration by random molecular motion. C. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration by random molecular motion.C. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration by random molecular motion.Homeostasis is the process through which an organism regulates its internal environment in order to maintain a stable and constant condition.An example of homeostasis is the regulation of the glucose sugar level in blood through the interaction of the hormones insulin and glucagon.What happens if the body is unable to maintain its blood glucose levels? A. New hormones are created to solve the problem. B. Diseases, such as diabetes and hypoglycemia, result. C. The body adapts to a different blood glucose level.B. Diseases, such as diabetes and hypoglycemia, result.The cell membrane is a highly selective barrier that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell. In fact, polar molecules are unable to go across unless A. they are broken down into smaller pieces. B. they pass through channels in the cell membrane. C. they are enclosed in water-filled vesicles.B. they pass through channels in the cell membrane.The fluid mosaic model shown above describes the structure and function of A. chromosomes. B. chloroplasts. C. cell membranes.C. cell membranes.