the rate at which conduction transfers thermal energy depends on a type of _______________materialconduction is faster in solids and liquids compared to gasesthis is because in gases the particles are farther apart which makes the collision of particles occur less frequently in gases than solids and liquidsthe best conductors of thermal energy are metalsthis is because the electrons can move easily in metals. The electrons and particles in the atom collide and more rapid thermal energy transfer than in other materialswhich metals are among the best conductors of thermal energy1. silver (Ag)
2. copper (Cu)
3. Aluminum (Al)fluidany substance in which its particles can move past one another and therefore, change their shapeconvectionthe transfer of thermal energy in a fluid by movement of warmer and cooler fluidconvection can take place in ________ and _________liquid, gaseswhen convection occurs, more ________particles move from one place to another carrying energy with the particleenergeticmost substances _____ as their temperature ____________expand, increasewhen a fluid expands, its ________ increasesdensityheated fluid become _________ dense causing the atoms to rise carrying energy up with the matter and lower temperature ______ dense fluids will fall at the same time creating the convection currentsless, morethe differences in density within a ________ drive convection currentsfluidin a convection current, both ___________ and _________ transfer thermal energyconduction, convection_____________ must be present for convection to take placematterearth's atmosphere isa fluid that is made up of various gaseswarmer at ________ than _______ and __________equator, south, north polewarmer at earth's ___________ than at higher __________surface, altitudestemperature differences create ________________ that carry TE away from the equatorconvection currentsWhat are convection currents?the flow that transfers heat within a fluidmoist warm air by the equator ________rises then cools and looses moisturecool, dry air _______sinks toward the ground north and south of equatorwhat is the result of cool, dry airdesertsin a desert, the temp of air __________ as it _________increases, sinksradiationtransfer of energy in electromagnetic wavesradiation can transfer energy without the presence of _______matterthermal energy transferred by radiation is often called _________ energyradiantex of electromagnetic waves areradio waves
microwaves
infrared
light
ultraviolet waves
x rays
gamma rayswhen radiation strikes matter, the radiation will be __________, ___________, or __________absorbed
reflected
transmittedthe amount of energy that an object absorbed reflects or transmits depends on the type of ________ the object is made upmaterialdarker colored materials _____ more radiant energy and lighter colored materials tend to _______ more radiant energyabsorb, reflectshiny materials __________ more radiant energy and dull colored materials tend to _________ more radiant energyreflect absorbradiation usually passes more easily through gases than through solids or liquids, why?particles are much farther apart in gases than in solids or liquidsthermal insulatora material through which thermal energy moves slowlythermal insulator exampleswood
fiberglass
airconductorsthermal energy moves more rapidly from one place to anotherwhat does the antarctic fur seal 's thick coat and the emperor penguin's thick layer of fat help them fromit helps them keep them from transferring thermal energy to their surroundingswhat does the scaly skin of a lizard doit reflects the sun's rays and keeps the animal from becoming too hot________ are much better thermal insulators than ______________gases, liquids and solidswhat do air pockets of trapped air dothey conduct thermal energy poorly and also keep convection currents from formingin the US about __% of the energy used in homes is for climate control50what does a thermos doreduce the energy transfers between the bottle's contents
