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BIO Ch. 9 quizzes

Terms in this set (36)

fiber
A muscle cell is also called a :
motor endplate
The folded area of the sarcolemma at the NMJ is called:
myosin
Thick filaments are composed mainly of:
endomysium
The connective tissue wrapping of a single muscle cell is called:
to release, store, and regulate Calcium ion release in a muscle cell
The function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum is:
acetylcholine
The chemical released from the axon terminal at the NMJ is:
only think filaments
The I band in a skeletal muscle myofibril contains:
weak contraction
using mostly Slow Oxidative muscle fiber motor units
maximal contraction
using mostly Fast Glycolytic muscle fiber motor units
intermediate strength contraction
using both types of muscle fiber motor units
to bind with troponin, causing tropomyosin to move off the binding sites on actin
The role of the Calcium released from the SR it to:
RMP
The voltage that exists across the plasma membrane of a cell during the resting state is referred to as the _____.
ATP
Rigor mortis occurs due to lack of _____.
thin and thick filaments sliding past each other
The 'sliding filament theory' states that muscle shortens by:
sarcoplasmic reticulum
In a skeletal muscle cell the action potential causes release of Calcium from the _____.
recruitment
Muscles can contract strongly or lightly, such as when lifting a heavy weight versus a feather. One mechanism for this is modifying how many muscle fibers are used. This is referred to as _____.
depolarization
In a muscle cell the change of a resting membrane potential of- 90 mv to a less negative value, such as -30 mv, would be referred to as a :
blocking Ach release from the motor axon
Botox treatment for wrinkles relaxes muscle by:
true
T/F: If the nerve supplying a muscle is cut the muscle will deteriorate
warm-up
Increasing tension due to heat generation and increased efficiency of the enzymes during the first few contractions of a muscle is called the _____ effect.
into
At the NMJ acetylcholine causes the initial depolarization by opening of ion channels in the sarcolemma that lead to net flow of Na ion ____ the muscle cell.
AP
A sufficiently large depolarization of the sarcolemma at the motor end plate at the NMJ leads to an _____ that spreads along the entire sarcolemma and into T-tubules.
isometric
Attempting to lift a very heavy item, such as a 2 ton vehicle, would be an example of a _____ contraction of the muscles.
chemical
Chemically-gated ion channels are opened by a ____, such as Ach at the neuromuscular junction.
temporal
Increasing the frequency of stimulation of a muscle can lead to increased muscle tension, a concept called ______ summation.
less tension
A muscle that is overstretched generates:
isotonic contraction
muscle length changes, and tension constant
isometric contraction
muscle length constant, and tension changes
SO
The type of muscle fibers most fatigue resistant are the ____ type of fiber.
increased myoglobin synthesis, increase in number of mitochondria, increase number of muscle capillaries
Aerobic/endurance exercise training leads to:
white, fast contraction, produces lactic acid, using anaerobic glycolysis
In describing types of muscle cells based on metabolic pathways for generating ATP, speed of contraction, and color which is true fo FG gibers:
aerobic
During rest and light exercise which ATP production pathway produces most of the ATP (aerobic or anaerobic?)
CP
During exercise the fastest way to generate ATP after the stored ATP is used up involves:
smooth
The type of muscle found in walls of most hollow organs is ____ muscle.
strain
Tearing or excessive overstretching of a muscle is referred to as a :
myoglobin
The Oxygen needed for aerobic pathways is delivered by the blood, but also is stored bound to ____ in muscle cells.
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