At Med: Unit 5 - Struggle for Stability (Russian Revolution, WWI)

Term
1 / 29
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Click the card to flip 👆
Terms in this set (29)
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Heir to Austrian throne. Assassinated during good-will mission in Sarajevo, Bosnia (Aus-Hung) by Serbians, sparking WWI: caused Germany and other Allies to declare war on Serbia and its allies
Image: Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Triple Entente (Allies)
An alliance between Great Britain, France and Russia in the years before WWI.
Image: Triple Entente (Allies)
Treaty of Versailles (1919)
Created by the leaders victorious allies Nations: France, Britain, US, and signed by Germany to help stop WWI.
Image: Treaty of Versailles (1919)
Terms of the Treaty of Versailles
Stripped Germany of all Army, Navy, Airforce. Forced Germany had to pay war damages of $31 billion. Germany had to acknowledge guilt for causing WWI. Germany could not manufacture any weapons.
Image: Terms of the Treaty of Versailles
Reparations
Germany was ordered to pay fines to the Allies to repay the costs of the war. Opposed by the U.S., it quickly lead to a severe depression in Germany.
Central Powers
Alliance among Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy at the end of the 19th century; part of European alliance system and balance of power prior to World War I.
Image: Central Powers
Czar Nicholas II
Russian Czar during WWI; unpopular with Russian people; overthrown in March 1917; executed by Bolsheviks after November Revolution (1917)
Image: Czar Nicholas II
How did WWI Start?
Imperialism, militarism, nationalism, and a tangled system of alliances after the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand.
Lenin
Founded the Communist Party in Russia and set up the world's first Communist Party dictatorship. He led the October Revolution of 1917, in which the Communists seized power in Russia. He then ruled the country until his death in 1924.
Image: Lenin
Militarism
A political orientation of a people or a government to maintain a strong military force and to be prepared to use it aggresively to defend or promote national interests
Balkan Regionincludes the countries Serbia, Austria-Hungary, Greece, Bosnia, and was known as the Powder Keg because all of the different ethnic groups had a lot of tension between themCzarina AlexandraThe wife of Czar Nicholas II. She had 5 children. Ran the country and made decisions while Czar Nicholas II was at war. She was very influenced by Rasputin.BolsheviksA radical, Marxist group that would challenge the government and its authority. They were dedicated to violent revolution. Led by Lenin. They later became the Communists.DumaThe Russian Parliament created after the 1905 Bloody Sunday Massacre. The elected national legislature in Russia. Nicholas II dissolved shortly after its introduction.RasputinA Siberian peasant monk, who was very influential at the court of Czar Nicholas II and Czarina Alexandra. He was brought in to heal the sick son of the Czar.Collective Farms (Collectivization)State run farms whose main goal was to feed the workers in the cities who contributed to the industrialization of the nation. Drought caused famine 1920-22. Led to agriculture disaster.Communist PartyA political party practicing the ideas of Karl Marx and V.I. Lenin. They were originally the Russian Bolshevik Party.sovietsCouncils made up of representatives from the working and soldier class. The soviets represented the radical (extreme) interests of the lower classes. The Bolsheviks were one group."Peace, Land, & Bread"The slogan (saying) of the Bolsheviks.Joseph StalinRussian leader who succeeded (came after) Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition.The Great PurgeJosef Stalin's reign of terror on the Soviet Union. The time period when all opposition to the communist government under Stalin, were sent to forced labor camps, called gulags, or they were killed.abdicateTo give up power or authority; to step down from a position. Example: Czar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate the throne.socialismA system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production.gulagIn the Soviet Union, a system of forced labor (work) camps in which millions of criminals and political prisoners were held under Stalin. Many died and were worked / starved to deathChekaLenin's secret police. They were responsible for smothering all opposition to the new regime.New Economic PolicyLenin's attempt to fight fallout from a recent famine by increasing production with the reintroduction of certain capitalist ideas.5 Year PlansStalin's attempt to industrialize Russia to keep up with the rest of the worldShow TrialsStalin's very public trials of senior communist politicians. Most plead guilty under threat of torture and harm to their families.NKVD/KGBRussia's internal police forces - spied on opponents of Stalin & killed millions.

Flickr Creative Commons Images

Some images used in this set are licensed under the Creative Commons through Flickr.com.
Click to see the original works with their full license.